JLPT N4 vocabulary — batch 6

This is one of seven reviewable batches that make up the knowledge base's N4 vocabulary study set. The JLPT publishes no official vocabulary list; the set follows the ordering and headwords of the Tanos N4 vocabulary list and is a community study target, not an official coverage guarantee.

Lexical facts (headword forms, readings, parts of speech, meanings, transitivity, usage labels, alternative forms) are backed by JMdict via the jmdict-simplified JSON distribution; the N4 classification itself comes from the community list. The study list's own glosses are used only as the membership record — every learner-facing meaning here is the dictionary meaning.

Furigana segmentation comes from JmdictFurigana; corpus example sentences come from the Tanaka corpus via Tatoeba as distributed with JMdict (each carries its Tatoeba sentence id); the everyday-frequency indicator comes from TUBELEX Japanese subtitle frequency data. Frequency describes how common a written form is in contemporary everyday speech — it is not a prediction about the JLPT.

Study set (batch 6)

Word	Reading	Meaning	Notes
光	ひかり	light
光る	ひかる	to shine; to glitter; to be bright
引き出し	ひきだし	drawer
引き出す	ひきだす	to withdraw (money); to draw
ひげ	ひげ	moustache; mustache; beard	Kana-only headword.
飛行場	ひこうじょう	airfield; airport; aerodrome
久しぶり	ひさしぶり	a long time (since the last time); first in a long time
美術館	びじゅつかん	art museum; art gallery
非常に	ひじょうに	very; extremely; exceedingly
びっくり	びっくり	to be surprised; to be amazed; to be frightened	Kana-only headword. Study list writes びっくりする; the JMdict headword is 吃驚/びっくり (noun) with suru-verb 吃驚する.
引っ越す	ひっこす	to move (house); to change residence
必要	ひつよう	necessary; needed; essential
ひどい	ひどい	very bad; terrible; awful	Kana-only headword.
開く	ひらく	to open; to undo; to unseal
ビル	ビル	multi-floor building; multi-storey building	Kana-only headword.
昼間	ひるま	daytime; during the day; time from sunrise until sunset
昼休み	ひるやすみ	lunch break; noon recess; noon rest period
拾う	ひろう	to pick up; to gather
ファックス	ファックス	fax; facsimile	Kana-only headword.
増える	ふえる	to increase; to multiply
深い	ふかい	deep
複雑	ふくざつ	complex; complicated; intricate
復習	ふくしゅう	review (of learned material); revision
部長	ぶちょう	head (chief, director) of a section or department
普通	ふつう	normally; ordinarily; usually
ぶどう	ぶどう	grape; grapevine	Kana-only headword.
太る	ふとる	to put on weight; to gain weight; to grow fat
布団	ふとん	futon; Japanese bedding consisting of a mattress and a duvet
船	ふね	ship; boat; watercraft
不便	ふべん	inconvenience; inexpediency; unhandiness
踏む	ふむ	to step on; to tread on; to trample on
降り出す	ふりだす	to begin to rain; to begin to snow
プレゼント	プレゼント	present; gift	Kana-only headword.
文化	ぶんか	culture; civilization; civilisation
文学	ぶんがく	literature
文法	ぶんぽう	grammar
別	べつ	separate; different; another
ベル	ベル	bell	Kana-only headword.
変	へん	strange; odd; peculiar
返事	へんじ	reply; answer; response
貿易	ぼうえき	(foreign) trade; (international) commerce; importing and exporting
放送	ほうそう	broadcasting; broadcast; program	Study list writes 放送する; the JMdict headword is 放送 (noun) with suru-verb 放送する.
法律	ほうりつ	law; legislation; act
僕	ぼく	I; me
星	ほし	star; planet; heavenly body
ほど	ほど	extent; degree; measure	Kana-only headword.
ほとんど	ほとんど	almost; nearly; mostly	Kana-only headword.
ほめる	ほめる	to praise; to commend; to compliment	Kana-only headword.
翻訳	ほんやく	translation
参る	まいる	to go; to come
負ける	まける	to lose; to be defeated; to be beaten
まじめ	まじめ	serious; earnest; sober	Kana-only headword.
まず	まず	first (of all); firstly; to begin with	Kana-only headword.
または	または	or; either ... or ...	Kana-only headword.
間違える	まちがえる	to make a mistake (in); to commit an error; to get wrong
間に合う	まにあう	to be in time (for)
周り	まわり	surroundings; neighbourhood; neighborhood
回る	まわる	to go around; to circle; to revolve around
漫画	まんが	cartoon; comic; comic strip
真ん中	まんなか	middle; centre; center	Study-list kanji corrected: まんなか 'middle' is written 真ん中, not 真中.
見える	みえる	to be seen; to be visible; to be in sight
湖	みずうみ	lake
味噌	みそ	miso; fermented condiment usu. made from soybeans
見つかる	みつかる	to be found; to be discovered
見つける	みつける	to find; to discover; to come across
皆	みな	everyone; everybody; all
港	みなと	harbour; harbor; port
向かう	むかう	to face
迎える	むかえる	to go out to meet; to receive; to welcome
昔	むかし	the old days; the past; former times
虫	むし	insect; bug; cricket
息子	むすこ	son
娘	むすめ	daughter
無理	むり	impossible
召し上がる	めしあがる	to eat; to drink
珍しい	めずらしい	rare; uncommon; unusual
申し上げる	もうしあげる	to say; to tell; to state
申す	もうす	to say; to be called
もうすぐ	もうすぐ	soon; shortly; before long	Kana-only headword.
もし	もし	if; in case; supposing	Kana-only headword.
もちろん	もちろん	of course; certainly; naturally	Kana-only headword.
もっとも	もっとも	most; extremely	Kana-only headword.
戻る	もどる	to turn back (e.g. half-way)
木綿	もめん	cotton (material)
もらう	もらう	to receive; to take; to accept	Kana-only headword.
森	もり	forest
焼く	やく	to roast; to broil; to grill
約束	やくそく	promise; agreement; arrangement
役に立つ	やくにたつ	to be helpful; to be useful
焼ける	やける	to burn; to burn down; to go down in flames
優しい	やさしい	tender; kind; gentle
痩せる	やせる	to become thin; to lose weight; to slim
やっと	やっと	at last; finally	Kana-only headword.
やはり	やはり	as expected; sure enough; just as one thought	Kana-only headword.
止む	やむ	to cease; to stop; to be over
止める	やめる	to stop (an activity); to cease; to discontinue
柔らかい	やわらかい	soft; tender; supple
湯	ゆ	hot water
輸出	ゆしゅつ	export; exportation	Study list writes 輸出する; the JMdict headword is 輸出 (noun) with suru-verb 輸出する.
輸入	ゆにゅう	import; importation; introduction	Study list writes 輸入する; the JMdict headword is 輸入 (noun) with suru-verb 輸入する.

Detailed entries

光 — ひかり

noun · common word

• Meanings: light
• Also: illumination; happiness; influence
• Furigana: 光(ひかり)
• Kanji: 光
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 632 of ~351k · 18,798 occurrences across 7,121 videos
• Related: 光る (ひかる, to shine)
• Corpus example: 光が世にやって来た。 — Light has come into the world. (Tatoeba 174089)
• Source: JMdict 1272780 · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

光る — ひかる

godan verb (る); intransitive · common word

• Meanings: to shine; to glitter; to be bright
• Furigana: 光(ひか)る
• Kanji: 光る
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 1,694 of ~351k · 6,869 occurrences across 3,426 videos
• Related: 光 (ひかり, light)
• Corpus example: 上部前方で何かが光っている。 — Something is flashing up ahead. (Tatoeba 146199)
• Source: JMdict 1272820 · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

引き出し — ひきだし

noun · common word

• Meanings: drawer
• Also: withdrawal (of money from an account); variety of knowledge and experience useful for handling things impromptu
• Furigana: 引(ひ)き出(だ)し
• Kanji: 引き出し, 引出し; rare/historical: 抽き出し, 抽斗, 抽出し, 抽匣
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 6,121 of ~351k · 1,291 occurrences across 773 videos
• Related: 引き出す (ひきだす, to withdraw (money)) · 引っ越す (ひっこす, to move (house))
• Corpus example: きれいなタオルは引き出しにありますよ。 — The clean towels are in the drawer. (Tatoeba 225748)
• Source: JMdict 1601650 · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

引き出す — ひきだす

godan verb (す); transitive · common word

• Meanings: to withdraw (money); to draw
• Also: to pull out; to lead out (e.g. a horse from a stable); to bring out (talent, potential, beauty, flavour, etc.)
• Furigana: 引(ひ)き出(だ)す
• Kanji: 引き出す; rare/historical: 引出す, 引きだす
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 2,848 of ~351k · 3,670 occurrences across 1,876 videos
• Related: 引き出し (ひきだし, drawer) · 引っ越す (ひっこす, to move (house))
• Example: 銀行でお金を引き出しました。 — I withdrew money at the bank. (original)
• Notes: The study list's gloss for this entry was a loose paraphrase; the dictionary meanings above are authoritative.
• Source: JMdict 1601660 · mapping: accepted-gloss-disagreement · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

ひげ

noun · usually kana · common word

• Meanings: moustache; mustache; beard; whiskers; sideburns
• Also: whiskers (on a cat, etc.) (usually kana); shadow (on a candlestick chart) (usually kana)
• Kanji: 髭; rare/historical: 鬚, 髯
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 3,587 of ~351k · 2,707 occurrences across 1,157 videos — frequency is for the written form; TUBELEX aggregates its readings
• Example: 父はひげをそっています。 — My father shaves his beard. (original)
• Notes: Kana-only headword. This reading has other homographs in the dictionary; the entry above is the sense matching the study list.
• Source: JMdict 1601810 · mapping: accepted · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

飛行場 — ひこうじょう

noun · common word

• Meanings: airfield; airport; aerodrome
• Furigana: 飛(ひ)行(こう)場(じょう)
• Kanji: 飛行場
• Corpus example: その島の飛行場は、今では草がぼうぼうだ。 — The airfield on the island is now covered with weeds. (Tatoeba 207492)
• Source: JMdict 1485520 · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

久しぶり — ひさしぶり

attributive noun (の); な-adjective; noun · common word

• Meanings: a long time (since the last time); first in a long time
• Also: it's been a long time
• Furigana: 久(ひさ)しぶり
• Kanji: 久しぶり, 久し振り
• Example: 久しぶりに友達に会いました。 — I met my friend after a long time. (original)
• Source: JMdict 1227370 · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

美術館 — びじゅつかん

noun · common word

• Meanings: art museum; art gallery
• Furigana: 美(び)術(じゅつ)館(かん)
• Kanji: 美術館
• Related: 美しい (うつくしい, beautiful)
• Corpus example: このバスは美術館まで行きますか。 — Does this bus go to the museum? (Tatoeba 223341)
• Source: JMdict 1486460 · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

非常に — ひじょうに

adverb · common word

• Meanings: very; extremely; exceedingly
• Furigana: 非(ひ)常(じょう)に
• Kanji: 非常に
• Example: この店のケーキは非常に人気があります。 — This shop's cakes are extremely popular. (original)
• Source: JMdict 1484930 · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

びっくり

suru verb (する); intransitive; adverb · usually kana · common word

• Meanings: to be surprised; to be amazed; to be frightened; to be astonished; to get startled
• Also: surprise (e.g. surprise party) (usually kana)
• Kanji: usually written in kana; rare/historical: 吃驚, 喫驚
• Example: 突然の音にびっくりしました。 — I was startled by the sudden noise. (original)
• Notes: Kana-only headword. Study list writes びっくりする; the JMdict headword is 吃驚/びっくり (noun) with suru-verb 吃驚する.
• Source: JMdict 1226360 · mapping: curated-override · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

引っ越す — ひっこす

godan verb (す); intransitive · common word

• Meanings: to move (house); to change residence
• Furigana: 引(ひ)っ越(こ)す
• Kanji: 引っ越す; rare/historical: 引越す, 引っこす, ひっ越す
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 5,263 of ~351k · 1,596 occurrences across 1,018 videos
• Related: 引き出し (ひきだし, drawer) · 引き出す (ひきだす, to withdraw (money))
• Corpus example: 去年の秋、私たちはニューヨークに引っ越した。 — We moved to New York last fall. (Tatoeba 182222)
• Source: JMdict 1169340 · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

必要 — ひつよう

な-adjective · common word

• Meanings: necessary; needed; essential; indispensable
• Also: necessity
• Furigana: 必(ひつ)要(よう)
• Kanji: 必要; rare/historical: 必用
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 185 of ~351k · 73,606 occurrences across 29,120 videos
• Related: 必ず (かならず, always)
• Example: パスポートは必要です。 — A passport is necessary. (original)
• Source: JMdict 1487660 · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

ひどい

い-adjective · usually kana · common word

• Meanings: very bad; terrible; awful
• Also: cruel (usually kana); violent (usually kana); excessive (usually kana)
• Kanji: 酷い; rare/historical: 非道い
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 1,188 of ~351k · 10,119 occurrences across 5,866 videos — frequency is for the written form; TUBELEX aggregates its readings
• Example: 今日はひどい雨でした。 — It was terrible rain today. (original)
• Notes: Kana-only headword. The study list's gloss for this entry was a loose paraphrase; the dictionary meanings above are authoritative.
• Source: JMdict 1602060 · mapping: accepted-gloss-disagreement · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

開く — ひらく

godan verb (く); intransitive; transitive · common word

• Meanings: to open; to undo; to unseal; to unpack
• Also: to bloom; to open (for business, e.g. in the morning); to be wide (gap, etc.)
• Furigana: 開(ひら)く
• Kanji: 開く
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 360 of ~351k · 35,373 occurrences across 15,582 videos — frequency is for the written form; TUBELEX aggregates its readings
• Corpus example: 先週、私達は舞踏会を開きました。 — We gave a ball last week. (Tatoeba 141861)
• Source: JMdict 1202440 · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

ビル

noun · abbreviation · common word

• Meanings: multi-floor building; multi-storey building
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 2,291 of ~351k · 4,841 occurrences across 2,506 videos
• Corpus example: 私の事務所はあのグレーの６階建てのビルの４階だ。 — My office is on the fourth floor of that gray six-story building. (Tatoeba 163511)
• Notes: Kana-only headword. This reading has other homographs in the dictionary; the entry above is the sense matching the study list.
• Source: JMdict 1106010 · mapping: accepted · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

昼間 — ひるま

noun; adverb · common word

• Meanings: daytime; during the day; time from sunrise until sunset; diurnal period
• Furigana: 昼(ひる)間(ま)
• Kanji: 昼間
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 4,267 of ~351k · 2,170 occurrences across 1,465 videos — frequency is for the written form; TUBELEX aggregates its readings
• Related: 昼休み (ひるやすみ, lunch break)
• Example: 昼間は仕事をしています。 — I work during the daytime. (original)
• Source: JMdict 1581710 · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

昼休み — ひるやすみ

noun; adverb · common word

• Meanings: lunch break; noon recess; noon rest period
• Furigana: 昼(ひる)休(やす)み
• Kanji: 昼休み
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): moderately frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 15,386 of ~351k · 314 occurrences across 251 videos
• Related: 昼間 (ひるま, daytime)
• Example: 昼休みに公園へ行きました。 — I went to the park during the lunch break. (original)
• Source: JMdict 1426290 · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

拾う — ひろう

godan verb (う); transitive · common word

• Meanings: to pick up; to gather
• Also: to find (and pick up; something someone has dropped); to select; to get (unexpectedly)
• Furigana: 拾(ひろ)う
• Kanji: 拾う
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 1,451 of ~351k · 8,160 occurrences across 3,534 videos
• Example: 道で財布を拾いました。 — I picked up a wallet on the road. (original)
• Source: JMdict 1332570 · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

ファックス

noun; suru verb (する); transitive · common word

• Meanings: fax; facsimile
• Also: fax machine
• Kanji: usually written in kana; rare/historical: ＦＡＸ
• Corpus example: この手紙を日本までファックスしてください。 — I'd like to fax this to Japan. (Tatoeba 221308)
• Notes: Kana-only headword.
• Source: JMdict 1108180 · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

増える — ふえる

ichidan verb (る-verb); intransitive · common word

• Meanings: to increase; to multiply
• Furigana: 増(ふ)える
• Kanji: 増える, 殖える
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 413 of ~351k · 29,917 occurrences across 14,098 videos
• Antonyms: 減る
• Example: 最近、外国人の学生が増えました。 — Recently, the number of foreign students has increased. (original)
• Source: JMdict 1602440 · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

深い — ふかい

い-adjective · common word

• Meanings: deep
• Also: profound; dense; close (relationship)
• Furigana: 深(ふか)い
• Kanji: 深い
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 589 of ~351k · 20,130 occurrences across 10,623 videos
• Antonyms: 浅い
• Corpus example: 湖の深さはどのくらいですか。 — What is the depth of the lake? (Tatoeba 174492)
• Source: JMdict 1362640 · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

複雑 — ふくざつ

な-adjective; noun · common word

• Meanings: complex; complicated; intricate; mixed (feelings)
• Furigana: 複(ふく)雑(ざつ)
• Kanji: 複雑
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 2,486 of ~351k · 4,386 occurrences across 3,105 videos
• Antonyms: 単純
• Example: この問題は複雑で難しいです。 — This problem is complicated and difficult. (original)
• Notes: The study list's gloss for this entry was a loose paraphrase; the dictionary meanings above are authoritative.
• Source: JMdict 1501350 · mapping: accepted-gloss-disagreement · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

復習 — ふくしゅう

noun; suru verb (する); transitive · common word

• Meanings: review (of learned material); revision
• Furigana: 復(ふく)習(しゅう)
• Kanji: 復習
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 6,664 of ~351k · 1,139 occurrences across 813 videos
• Corpus example: その課の復習をしましたか。 — Have you gone over the lesson? (Tatoeba 211923)
• Source: JMdict 1500800 · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

部長 — ぶちょう

noun · common word

• Meanings: head (chief, director) of a section or department
• Also: head of a (school) club
• Furigana: 部(ぶ)長(ちょう)
• Kanji: 部長
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 6,630 of ~351k · 1,148 occurrences across 494 videos
• Example: 部長に会議のことを報告しました。 — I reported on the meeting to the department head. (original)
• Source: JMdict 1499460 · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

普通 — ふつう

attributive noun (の); な-adjective · common word

• Meanings: normally; ordinarily; usually; generally; commonly
• Also: normal; local train (abbreviation)
• Furigana: 普(ふ)通(つう)
• Kanji: 普通
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 260 of ~351k · 49,781 occurrences across 21,925 videos — frequency is for the written form; TUBELEX aggregates its readings
• Example: 普通は朝八時に家を出ます。 — I usually leave home at eight in the morning. (original)
• Corpus example: 彼女は普通９時に寝る。 — She usually goes to bed at nine. (Tatoeba 86916)
• Source: JMdict 1497190 · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

ぶどう

noun · usually kana · common word

• Meanings: grape; grapevine
• Kanji: 葡萄
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 4,323 of ~351k · 2,126 occurrences across 784 videos — frequency is for the written form; TUBELEX aggregates its readings
• Example: ぶどうを一房買いました。 — I bought a bunch of grapes. (original)
• Notes: Kana-only headword.
• Source: JMdict 1499230 · mapping: curated-override · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

太る — ふとる

godan verb (る); intransitive · common word

• Meanings: to put on weight; to gain weight; to grow fat; to get stout
• Furigana: 太(ふと)る
• Kanji: 太る; rare/historical: 肥る
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 3,551 of ~351k · 2,736 occurrences across 1,438 videos
• Corpus example: インシュリンを打つので彼女は太っていた。 — The insulin was making her fat. (Tatoeba 228392)
• Source: JMdict 1408220 · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

布団 — ふとん

noun · common word

• Meanings: futon; Japanese bedding consisting of a mattress and a duvet
• Also: round cushion used for Zen meditation (traditionally made of woven bulrush leaves)
• Furigana: 布(ふ)団(とん)
• Kanji: 布団; rare/historical: 蒲団
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 3,731 of ~351k · 2,581 occurrences across 1,351 videos
• Corpus example: 朝になると布団を片づけます。 — In the morning, we put away our futons. (Tatoeba 126242)
• Source: JMdict 1496890 · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

船 — ふね

noun · common word

• Meanings: ship; boat; watercraft; vessel; seaplane
• Also: tank; counter for boat-shaped containers (e.g. of sashimi)
• Furigana: 船(ふね)
• Kanji: 船; rare/historical: 舟, 槽
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 909 of ~351k · 13,144 occurrences across 4,356 videos — frequency is for the written form; TUBELEX aggregates its readings
• Corpus example: 彼らは船を岸に引き上げた。 — They drew their boat on the beach. (Tatoeba 96675)
• Notes: The study list wrote 舟; 船 is the common modern spelling for a ship/boat (舟 is used for small boats).
• Source: JMdict 1602800 · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

不便 — ふべん

noun; な-adjective · common word

• Meanings: inconvenience; inexpediency; unhandiness
• Furigana: 不(ふ)便(べん)
• Kanji: 不便
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 6,760 of ~351k · 1,117 occurrences across 852 videos — frequency is for the written form; TUBELEX aggregates its readings
• Antonyms: 便利
• Example: この町はバスがなくて不便です。 — This town is inconvenient because there are no buses. (original)
• Source: JMdict 1494860 · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

踏む — ふむ

godan verb (む); transitive · common word

• Meanings: to step on; to tread on; to trample on
• Also: to set foot on (e.g. foreign soil); to experience; to follow (rules, principles, etc.)
• Furigana: 踏(ふ)む
• Kanji: 踏む; rare/historical: 履む, 践む
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 2,224 of ~351k · 5,064 occurrences across 3,015 videos
• Corpus example: その男は私の足を踏んだのにわびることさえしなかった。 — The man did not so much as apologize for stepping on my foot. (Tatoeba 208049)
• Source: JMdict 1450270 · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

降り出す — ふりだす

godan verb (す); intransitive

• Meanings: to begin to rain; to begin to snow
• Furigana: 降(ふ)り出(だ)す
• Kanji: 降り出す; rare/historical: 降りだす
• Corpus example: その上雨が降り出している。 — Besides, it's starting to rain. (Tatoeba 208980)
• Source: JMdict 1282770 · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

プレゼント

noun; suru verb (する); transitive · common word

• Meanings: present; gift
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 1,906 of ~351k · 6,045 occurrences across 3,074 videos
• Corpus example: ハーモニカはお父さんからのプレゼントですか。 — Is the harmonica a present from his father? (Tatoeba 198403)
• Notes: Kana-only headword.
• Source: JMdict 1116840 · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

文化 — ぶんか

noun · common word

• Meanings: culture; civilization; civilisation
• Also: Bunka era (1804.2.11-1818.4.22)
• Furigana: 文(ぶん)化(か)
• Kanji: 文化
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 1,160 of ~351k · 10,384 occurrences across 4,599 videos
• Related: 文学 (ぶんがく, literature) · 文法 (ぶんぽう, grammar)
• Example: 日本の文化に興味があります。 — I am interested in Japanese culture. (original)
• Source: JMdict 1505120 · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

文学 — ぶんがく

noun · common word

• Meanings: literature
• Furigana: 文(ぶん)学(がく)
• Kanji: 文学
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 6,593 of ~351k · 1,159 occurrences across 527 videos
• Related: 文化 (ぶんか, culture) · 文法 (ぶんぽう, grammar)
• Example: 大学で文学を勉強しています。 — I study literature at university. (original)
• Source: JMdict 1505190 · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

文法 — ぶんぽう

noun · common word

• Meanings: grammar
• Furigana: 文(ぶん)法(ぽう)
• Kanji: 文法
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 8,340 of ~351k · 816 occurrences across 396 videos
• Related: 文化 (ぶんか, culture) · 文学 (ぶんがく, literature)
• Example: 文法を勉強してから文を作ります。 — I study grammar, then make sentences. (original)
• Source: JMdict 1505600 · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

別 — べつ

noun · common word

• Meanings: separate; different; another; extra
• Also: distinction; exception; classified by
• Furigana: 別(べつ)
• Kanji: 別 (N4)
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 285 of ~351k · 45,000 occurrences across 21,593 videos — frequency is for the written form; TUBELEX aggregates its readings
• Related: 特別 (とくべつ, special) · 別れる (わかれる, to separate (of a couple))
• Corpus example: また別のときにチェスをしましょう。 — Let's play chess another time. (Tatoeba 195395)
• Source: JMdict 1509430 · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

ベル

noun · common word

• Meanings: bell
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 2,909 of ~351k · 3,569 occurrences across 1,923 videos
• Corpus example: 火事の時はベルを鳴らせよ。 — In case of fire, ring the bell. (Tatoeba 186684)
• Notes: Kana-only headword. This reading has other homographs in the dictionary; the entry above is the sense matching the study list.
• Source: JMdict 1120010 · mapping: accepted · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

変 — へん

な-adjective · common word

• Meanings: strange; odd; peculiar; weird; curious
• Also: unexpected; change; incident
• Furigana: 変(へん)
• Kanji: 変; rare/historical: 變
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 768 of ~351k · 15,474 occurrences across 8,989 videos
• Related: 変える (かえる, to change) · 変わる (かわる, to change)
• Corpus example: そのオレンジは後味が変だった。 — The orange left a strange taste in my mouth. (Tatoeba 213316)
• Source: JMdict 1510640 · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

返事 — へんじ

noun; suru verb (する); intransitive · common word

• Meanings: reply; answer; response
• Furigana: 返(へん)事(じ)
• Kanji: 返事; rare/historical: 返辞
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 3,755 of ~351k · 2,558 occurrences across 1,507 videos
• Corpus example: すぐ返事をしてもらいたいと思っています。 — I hope you will answer me soon. (Tatoeba 214756)
• Source: JMdict 1512220 · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

貿易 — ぼうえき

noun; suru verb (する); intransitive · common word

• Meanings: (foreign) trade; (international) commerce; importing and exporting
• Furigana: 貿(ぼう)易(えき)
• Kanji: 貿易
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 4,691 of ~351k · 1,886 occurrences across 801 videos
• Corpus example: 日本は貿易に頼っている。 — Japan depends on foreign trade. (Tatoeba 122396)
• Source: JMdict 1520120 · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

放送 — ほうそう

noun; suru verb (する); transitive · common word

• Meanings: broadcasting; broadcast; program; announcement
• Furigana: 放(ほう)送(そう)
• Kanji: 放送
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 1,091 of ~351k · 11,015 occurrences across 4,528 videos
• Corpus example: ニュースは毎時放送しています。 — We broadcast news on the hour. (Tatoeba 198755)
• Notes: Study list writes 放送する; the JMdict headword is 放送 (noun) with suru-verb 放送する.
• Source: JMdict 1516750 · mapping: curated-override · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

法律 — ほうりつ

noun · common word

• Meanings: law; legislation; act
• Furigana: 法(ほう)律(りつ)
• Kanji: 法律
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 2,241 of ~351k · 5,013 occurrences across 2,112 videos
• Related: 文法 (ぶんぽう, grammar)
• Corpus example: この法律はすべての人に適用される。 — This law applies to everybody. (Tatoeba 219821)
• Source: JMdict 1517480 · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

僕 — ぼく

pronoun · male speech · colloquial · common word

• Meanings: I; me
• Also: you (colloquial); manservant (archaic)
• Furigana: 僕(ぼく)
• Kanji: 僕
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): moderately frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 14,117 of ~351k · 360 occurrences across 192 videos — frequency is for the written form; TUBELEX aggregates its readings
• Example: 僕は野球が好きです。 — I like baseball. (original)
• Notes: The study list's gloss for this entry was a loose paraphrase; the dictionary meanings above are authoritative.
• Source: JMdict 1521400 · mapping: accepted-gloss-disagreement · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

星 — ほし

noun · common word

• Meanings: star; planet; heavenly body
• Also: star (glyph, symbol, shape); star (actor, player, etc.); dot
• Furigana: 星(ほし)
• Kanji: 星
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 767 of ~351k · 15,515 occurrences across 5,296 videos — frequency is for the written form; TUBELEX aggregates its readings
• Corpus example: 昨夜、屋上から星を観察した。 — Last night, we watched the stars from the rooftop. (Tatoeba 169713)
• Source: JMdict 1376310 · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

ほど

noun; adverb · usually kana · common word

• Meanings: extent; degree; measure
• Also: limit (usually kana); (span of) time (usually kana); (a) distance (usually kana)
• Kanji: 程
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 5,731 of ~351k · 1,418 occurrences across 1,237 videos
• Corpus example: スージーほど上手にピアノをひけるとよいのだが。 — I wish I could play the piano as well as Susie. (Tatoeba 215078)
• Notes: Kana-only headword. This reading has other homographs in the dictionary; the entry above is the sense matching the study list.
• Source: JMdict 1436510 · mapping: accepted · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

ほとんど

adverb · usually kana · common word

• Meanings: almost; nearly; mostly; practically; virtually
• Also: hardly (usually kana); large majority (usually kana)
• Kanji: 殆ど; rare/historical: 殆んど, 幾ど
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 539 of ~351k · 22,435 occurrences across 14,198 videos
• Corpus example: 夕食の準備はほとんどできています。 — The dinner is almost ready. (Tatoeba 79095)
• Notes: Kana-only headword.
• Source: JMdict 1522050 · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

ほめる

ichidan verb (る-verb); transitive · common word

• Meanings: to praise; to commend; to compliment; to speak well of; to speak highly of
• Kanji: 褒める; rare/historical: 誉める, 賞める, 称める, 讃める
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 2,926 of ~351k · 3,539 occurrences across 1,949 videos
• Example: 先生が私をほめてくれました。 — The teacher praised me. (original)
• Notes: Kana-only headword.
• Source: JMdict 1603550 · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

翻訳 — ほんやく

noun; suru verb (する); transitive · common word

• Meanings: translation
• Also: deciphering; translation
• Furigana: 翻(ほん)訳(やく)
• Kanji: 翻訳; rare/historical: 飜訳
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 3,038 of ~351k · 3,366 occurrences across 1,466 videos
• Corpus example: 彼女はそれを一語一語翻訳した。 — She translated it word for word. (Tatoeba 92239)
• Source: JMdict 1523400 · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

参る — まいる

godan verb (る); intransitive · humble · usually kana · common word

• Meanings: to go; to come
• Also: to lose; to be stumped (by); to visit (a shrine, grave, etc.)
• Furigana: 参(まい)る
• Kanji: 参る; rare/historical: 詣る
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 765 of ~351k · 15,539 occurrences across 7,286 videos
• Corpus example: ２、３分したらそちらにまいります。 — I'll be with you in a few minutes. (Tatoeba 235613)
• Source: JMdict 1302070 · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

負ける — まける

ichidan verb (る-verb); intransitive · common word

• Meanings: to lose; to be defeated; to be beaten
• Also: to give in (to); to be inferior (to); to get a rash (from)
• Furigana: 負(ま)ける
• Kanji: 負ける; rare/historical: 敗ける, 敗北る
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 1,004 of ~351k · 11,845 occurrences across 6,136 videos
• Corpus example: ３対０で彼には負けています。 — He's beating me, three to zip. (Tatoeba 235276)
• Source: JMdict 1497980 · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

まじめ

な-adjective; noun · common word

• Meanings: serious; earnest; sober; grave
• Also: honest
• Kanji: 真面目; rare/historical: 眞面目
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 2,793 of ~351k · 3,763 occurrences across 2,378 videos — frequency is for the written form; TUBELEX aggregates its readings
• Related: 真ん中 (まんなか, middle)
• Corpus example: サムは仕事に関してまじめです。 — Sam is serious about his work. (Tatoeba 216718)
• Notes: Kana-only headword.
• Source: JMdict 1364360 · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

まず

adverb · usually kana · common word

• Meanings: first (of all); firstly; to begin with; before anything else
• Also: probably (usually kana); more or less (satisfactory) (usually kana); anyway (usually kana)
• Kanji: 先ず
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 147 of ~351k · 105,594 occurrences across 41,580 videos
• Related: 先輩 (せんぱい, senior (at school, work, etc.))
• Example: まず、宿題をしてから遊びます。 — First I will do my homework, then play. (original)
• Notes: Kana-only headword. This reading has other homographs in the dictionary; the entry above is the sense matching the study list.
• Source: JMdict 1387240 · mapping: accepted · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

または

conjunction · usually kana · common word

• Meanings: or; either ... or ...
• Kanji: 又は
• Corpus example: 紅茶またはコーヒーはいかが？ — Would you like some tea or coffee? (Tatoeba 173494)
• Notes: Kana-only headword. The study list's gloss for this entry was a loose paraphrase; the dictionary meanings above are authoritative.
• Source: JMdict 1524990 · mapping: accepted-gloss-disagreement · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

間違える — まちがえる

ichidan verb (る-verb); transitive · common word

• Meanings: to make a mistake (in); to commit an error; to get wrong; to do incorrectly
• Also: to mistake (one thing for another)
• Furigana: 間(ま)違(ちが)える
• Kanji: 間違える
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 1,329 of ~351k · 9,019 occurrences across 5,079 videos
• Related: 間 (あいだ, space (between)) · 昼間 (ひるま, daytime) · 間に合う (まにあう, to be in time (for))
• Corpus example: 彼は答えを三つ間違えた。 — He gave three wrong answers. (Tatoeba 109536)
• Source: JMdict 1215330 · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

間に合う — まにあう

godan verb (う); intransitive · common word

• Meanings: to be in time (for)
• Also: to serve (suit, meet) the purpose
• Furigana: 間(ま)に合(あ)う
• Kanji: 間に合う; rare/historical: 間にあう
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 2,347 of ~351k · 4,673 occurrences across 2,786 videos
• Related: 間 (あいだ, space (between)) · 昼間 (ひるま, daytime) · 間違える (まちがえる, to make a mistake (in))
• Corpus example: 汽車に間に合うように急げ。 — Hurry up in order to catch the train. (Tatoeba 183142)
• Source: JMdict 1215260 · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

周り — まわり

noun · common word

• Meanings: surroundings; neighbourhood; neighborhood; vicinity
• Also: circumference; people surrounding oneself
• Furigana: 周(まわ)り
• Kanji: 周り
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 555 of ~351k · 21,718 occurrences across 12,279 videos
• Example: 家の周りに木がたくさんあります。 — There are many trees around my house. (original)
• Source: JMdict 1604290 · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

回る — まわる

godan verb (る); intransitive · common word

• Meanings: to go around; to circle; to revolve around; to orbit
• Also: to turn; to make the rounds (of); to go by way of
• Furigana: 回(まわ)る
• Kanji: 回る, 廻る; rare/historical: 周る
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 719 of ~351k · 16,545 occurrences across 9,449 videos — frequency is for the written form; TUBELEX aggregates its readings
• Example: この機械は速く回ります。 — This machine turns quickly. (original)
• Source: JMdict 1604300 · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

漫画 — まんが

noun · common word

• Meanings: cartoon; comic; comic strip; manga
• Furigana: 漫(まん)画(が)
• Kanji: 漫画
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 1,482 of ~351k · 7,976 occurrences across 2,746 videos — frequency is for the written form; TUBELEX aggregates its readings
• Corpus example: 僕の趣味は漫画を読む事です。 — My hobby is reading comics. (Tatoeba 82204)
• Source: JMdict 1526920 · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

真ん中 — まんなか

noun · common word

• Meanings: middle; centre; center; midpoint; heart
• Furigana: 真(ま)ん中(なか)
• Kanji: 真ん中; rare/historical: まん中
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 823 of ~351k · 14,355 occurrences across 7,651 videos
• Example: 公園の真ん中に噴水があります。 — There is a fountain in the middle of the park. (original)
• Notes: Study-list kanji corrected: まんなか 'middle' is written 真ん中, not 真中.
• Source: JMdict 1604350 · mapping: curated-override · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

見える — みえる

ichidan verb (る-verb); intransitive · common word

• Meanings: to be seen; to be visible; to be in sight
• Also: to look; to come (honorific)
• Furigana: 見(み)える
• Kanji: 見える; rare/historical: 視える
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 178 of ~351k · 80,467 occurrences across 29,422 videos — frequency is for the written form; TUBELEX aggregates its readings
• Related: 意見 (いけん, opinion) · お見舞い (おみまい, visit (to someone affected by illness or misfortune)) · 見物 (けんぶつ, sightseeing) · 拝見 (はいけん, seeing) · 花見 (はなみ, cherry blossom viewing)
• Example: 窓から富士山が見えます。 — I can see Mount Fuji from the window. (original)
• Source: JMdict 1259140 · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

湖 — みずうみ

noun · common word

• Meanings: lake
• Furigana: 湖(みずうみ)
• Kanji: 湖
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 2,480 of ~351k · 4,404 occurrences across 1,864 videos — frequency is for the written form; TUBELEX aggregates its readings
• Example: 夏は湖で泳ぎました。 — In summer I swam in the lake. (original)
• Source: JMdict 1267280 · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

味噌 — みそ

noun · common word

• Meanings: miso; fermented condiment usu. made from soybeans
• Also: innards (from crabs, shrimps, etc.) resembling miso; key point (usually kana); weakling (derogatory)
• Furigana: 味(み)噌(そ)
• Kanji: 味噌; rare/historical: 未醤
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 1,847 of ~351k · 6,289 occurrences across 2,587 videos — frequency is for the written form; TUBELEX aggregates its readings
• Related: 味 (あじ, flavor) · 興味 (きょうみ, interest (in something)) · 趣味 (しゅみ, hobby)
• Example: 朝は味噌汁を飲みます。 — I drink miso soup in the morning. (original)
• Notes: The study list's gloss for this entry was a loose paraphrase; the dictionary meanings above are authoritative.
• Source: JMdict 1527040 · mapping: accepted-gloss-disagreement · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

見つかる — みつかる

godan verb (る); intransitive · common word

• Meanings: to be found; to be discovered
• Furigana: 見(み)つかる
• Kanji: 見つかる; rare/historical: 見付かる, 見付る, 視つかる, 視付かる
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 1,298 of ~351k · 9,241 occurrences across 5,236 videos
• Related: 意見 (いけん, opinion) · お見舞い (おみまい, visit (to someone affected by illness or misfortune)) · 見物 (けんぶつ, sightseeing) · 拝見 (はいけん, seeing) · 花見 (はなみ, cherry blossom viewing)
• Corpus example: 運悪く仕事が見つからなかった。 — He had no luck in finding work. (Tatoeba 228050)
• Source: JMdict 1604550 · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

見つける — みつける

ichidan verb (る-verb); transitive · common word

• Meanings: to find; to discover; to come across; to spot; to catch (someone doing)
• Also: to be used to seeing
• Furigana: 見(み)つける
• Kanji: 見つける, 見付ける; rare/historical: 見附ける, 視付ける, 視つける
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 581 of ~351k · 20,467 occurrences across 10,956 videos
• Related: 意見 (いけん, opinion) · お見舞い (おみまい, visit (to someone affected by illness or misfortune)) · 見物 (けんぶつ, sightseeing) · 拝見 (はいけん, seeing) · 花見 (はなみ, cherry blossom viewing)
• Corpus example: 探していた珍本を見つけた。 — I found a rare book I had been looking for. (Tatoeba 127411)
• Source: JMdict 1604570 · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

皆 — みな

noun; pronoun; adverb · usually kana · common word

• Meanings: everyone; everybody; all
• Also: everything (usually kana)
• Furigana: 皆(みな)
• Kanji: 皆; rare/historical: 皆んな
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 85 of ~351k · 199,621 occurrences across 49,787 videos — frequency is for the written form; TUBELEX aggregates its readings
• Corpus example: 生徒達はみんな家に帰りました。 — All the students have gone home. (Tatoeba 142709)
• Source: JMdict 1202150 · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

港 — みなと

noun · common word

• Meanings: harbour; harbor; port
• Furigana: 港(みなと)
• Kanji: 港; rare/historical: 湊
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 3,527 of ~351k · 2,754 occurrences across 1,288 videos — frequency is for the written form; TUBELEX aggregates its readings
• Related: 空港 (くうこう, airport)
• Corpus example: その船はいま港にある。 — The ship is now in the harbor. (Tatoeba 208448)
• Source: JMdict 1279990 · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

向かう — むかう

godan verb (う); intransitive · common word

• Meanings: to face
• Also: to go towards
• Furigana: 向(む)かう
• Kanji: 向かう; rare/historical: 向う, 対う
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 511 of ~351k · 23,512 occurrences across 12,363 videos
• Example: 駅に向かって歩きました。 — I walked towards the station. (original)
• Source: JMdict 1604800 · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

迎える — むかえる

ichidan verb (る-verb); transitive · common word

• Meanings: to go out to meet; to receive; to welcome; to greet; to salute
• Also: to call for; to accept (e.g. as a member of a group or family); to reach (a certain time, a point in one's life, etc.)
• Furigana: 迎(むか)える
• Kanji: 迎える; rare/historical: 邀える
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 1,306 of ~351k · 9,172 occurrences across 6,101 videos
• Corpus example: ６時にホテルに車で迎えて下さい。 — Please pick me up at the hotel at six o'clock. (Tatoeba 235056)
• Source: JMdict 1253190 · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

昔 — むかし

noun; attributive noun (の); adverb · common word

• Meanings: the old days; the past; former times; a long time ago
• Also: the past ten years
• Furigana: 昔(むかし)
• Kanji: 昔
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 510 of ~351k · 23,631 occurrences across 12,577 videos — frequency is for the written form; TUBELEX aggregates its readings
• Example: 昔、ここに店がありました。 — There used to be a shop here long ago. (original)
• Source: JMdict 1382370 · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

虫 — むし

noun · common word

• Meanings: insect; bug; cricket; moth
• Also: worm; thing inside one's body believed to influence one's thoughts and feelings; nervousness
• Furigana: 虫(むし)
• Kanji: 虫; rare/historical: 蟲
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 1,695 of ~351k · 6,869 occurrences across 2,722 videos
• Corpus example: 彼女は虫が大嫌いだ。 — She has a strong dislike of insects. (Tatoeba 87884)
• Source: JMdict 1426680 · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

息子 — むすこ

noun · colloquial · common word

• Meanings: son
• Also: penis (colloquial)
• Furigana: 息子(むすこ)
• Kanji: 息子; rare/historical: 息
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 1,940 of ~351k · 5,919 occurrences across 2,536 videos — frequency is for the written form; TUBELEX aggregates its readings
• Corpus example: 母親は息子にやかましく言って聞かせた。 — The mother whipped sense into her boy. (Tatoeba 82781)
• Source: JMdict 1404390 · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

娘 — むすめ

noun · common word

• Meanings: daughter
• Also: girl (i.e. a young, unmarried woman)
• Furigana: 娘(むすめ)
• Kanji: 娘
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 1,166 of ~351k · 10,291 occurrences across 3,449 videos — frequency is for the written form; TUBELEX aggregates its readings
• Example: 娘は今年高校に入りました。 — My daughter entered high school this year. (original)
• Source: JMdict 1531190 · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

無理 — むり

な-adjective; noun · common word

• Meanings: impossible
• Also: unreasonable; forcible; excessive (work, etc.)
• Furigana: 無(む)理(り)
• Kanji: 無理
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 486 of ~351k · 25,258 occurrences across 11,122 videos — frequency is for the written form; TUBELEX aggregates its readings
• Related: 無くなる (なくなる, to be lost (e.g. luggage))
• Example: そんなに早く起きるのは無理です。 — Getting up that early is impossible. (original)
• Source: JMdict 1530970 · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

召し上がる — めしあがる

godan verb (る); transitive · honorific · common word

• Meanings: to eat; to drink
• Furigana: 召(め)し上(あ)がる
• Kanji: 召し上がる; rare/historical: 召しあがる, 召上がる, 召し上る
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 8,082 of ~351k · 853 occurrences across 629 videos
• Corpus example: ここで召し上がりますか、それともお持ち帰りですか。 — Is this to eat here, or to go? (Tatoeba 224548)
• Source: JMdict 1346370 · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

珍しい — めずらしい

い-adjective · common word

• Meanings: rare; uncommon; unusual; curious
• Also: new; fine
• Furigana: 珍(めずら)しい
• Kanji: 珍しい; rare/historical: 珍らしい
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 1,544 of ~351k · 7,577 occurrences across 5,183 videos
• Example: こんな虫は珍しいです。 — This kind of insect is rare. (original)
• Source: JMdict 1431850 · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

申し上げる — もうしあげる

ichidan verb (る-verb); transitive · humble · common word

• Meanings: to say; to tell; to state; to express; to offer
• Also: to do (humble)
• Furigana: 申(もう)し上(あ)げる
• Kanji: 申し上げる; rare/historical: 申上げる, 申しあげる
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 1,349 of ~351k · 8,864 occurrences across 3,378 videos
• Related: 申す (もうす, to say)
• Corpus example: お礼の申し上げようもありません。 — I can never thank you enough. (Tatoeba 226522)
• Source: JMdict 1362950 · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

申す — もうす

godan verb (す); transitive · humble · common word

• Meanings: to say; to be called
• Also: to do (humble)
• Furigana: 申(もう)す
• Kanji: 申す
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 1,813 of ~351k · 6,432 occurrences across 4,007 videos
• Related: 申し上げる (もうしあげる, to say)
• Corpus example: こちらはスミスと申します。ジョンソンさんはおいででしょうか。 — This is Mr Smith speaking. Is Mr Johnson in? (Tatoeba 224154)
• Source: JMdict 1363090 · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

もうすぐ

expression; adverb · usually kana

• Meanings: soon; shortly; before long; nearly; almost
• Kanji: usually written in kana; rare/historical: もう直ぐ
• Related: 直す (なおす, to repair) · 直る (なおる, to get mended)
• Corpus example: もうすぐ雨が降りそうだ。 — It is going to rain very soon. (Tatoeba 194440)
• Notes: Kana-only headword.
• Source: JMdict 2015610 · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

もし

adverb · usually kana · common word

• Meanings: if; in case; supposing
• Kanji: usually written in kana; rare/historical: 若し
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 240 of ~351k · 55,583 occurrences across 24,340 videos — frequency is for the written form; TUBELEX aggregates its readings
• Example: もし時間があれば、来てください。 — If you have time, please come. (original)
• Notes: Kana-only headword. This reading has other homographs in the dictionary; the entry above is the sense matching the study list.
• Source: JMdict 1012500 · mapping: accepted · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

もちろん

adverb · usually kana · common word

• Meanings: of course; certainly; naturally
• Kanji: 勿論
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 333 of ~351k · 38,257 occurrences across 20,248 videos
• Corpus example: 「ご一緒してもいいですか」「もちろんです」 — "May I go with you?" "Of course." (Tatoeba 217215)
• Notes: Kana-only headword.
• Source: JMdict 1535780 · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

もっとも

adverb · common word

• Meanings: most; extremely
• Kanji: 最も; rare/historical: 尤も
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 1,030 of ~351k · 11,559 occurrences across 7,301 videos — frequency is for the written form; TUBELEX aggregates its readings
• Related: 最近 (さいきん, recently) · 最後 (さいご, end) · 最初 (さいしょ, beginning)
• Corpus example: ケンは三人のなかでもっとも速く走ります。 — Ken runs fastest of the three. (Tatoeba 225135)
• Notes: Kana-only headword. This reading has other homographs in the dictionary; the entry above is the sense matching the study list.
• Source: JMdict 1293700 · mapping: accepted · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

戻る — もどる

godan verb (る); intransitive · common word

• Meanings: to turn back (e.g. half-way)
• Also: to return; to recover (e.g. something lost); to rebound
• Furigana: 戻(もど)る
• Kanji: 戻る
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 330 of ~351k · 38,445 occurrences across 16,157 videos — frequency is for the written form; TUBELEX aggregates its readings
• Example: 忘れ物に気づいて、家に戻りました。 — I noticed I had forgotten something and returned home. (original)
• Source: JMdict 1535880 · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

木綿 — もめん

noun · usually kana · common word

• Meanings: cotton (material)
• Also: red silk-cotton tree (usually kana)
• Furigana: 木綿(もめん)
• Kanji: 木綿; rare/historical: 木棉
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): moderately frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 15,646 of ~351k · 305 occurrences across 182 videos — frequency is for the written form; TUBELEX aggregates its readings
• Example: 木綿のシャツを買いました。 — I bought a cotton shirt. (original)
• Source: JMdict 1534870 · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

もらう

godan verb (う); transitive · usually kana · common word

• Meanings: to receive; to take; to accept
• Also: to get someone to do something (usually kana); to have in one's pocket (a fight, match) (usually kana); to contract (a disease) (usually kana)
• Kanji: 貰う
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 152 of ~351k · 98,708 occurrences across 32,407 videos
• Corpus example: それじゃ、僕はチキンをもらいましょう。 — Well then, I'll have chicken. (Tatoeba 205822)
• Notes: Kana-only headword.
• Source: JMdict 1535910 · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

森 — もり

noun · common word

• Meanings: forest
• Also: shrine grove
• Furigana: 森(もり)
• Kanji: 森; rare/historical: 杜
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 1,722 of ~351k · 6,756 occurrences across 2,934 videos
• Example: 森の中を散歩しました。 — I took a walk in the forest. (original)
• Source: JMdict 1362490 · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

焼く — やく

godan verb (く); transitive · common word

• Meanings: to roast; to broil; to grill; to bake; to toast
• Also: to burn; to heat; to make (charcoal, pottery, bricks, etc.)
• Furigana: 焼(や)く
• Kanji: 焼く; rare/historical: 燬く, 焚く
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 1,235 of ~351k · 9,682 occurrences across 4,296 videos
• Related: 焼ける (やける, to burn)
• Example: 魚を焼いて食べました。 — I grilled the fish and ate it. (original)
• Source: JMdict 1350600 · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

約束 — やくそく

noun; suru verb (する); transitive · common word

• Meanings: promise; agreement; arrangement; one's word; contract
• Also: appointment; convention; destiny
• Furigana: 約(やく)束(そく)
• Kanji: 約束
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 2,059 of ~351k · 5,540 occurrences across 3,115 videos
• Related: 予約 (よやく, reservation)
• Example: 友達と約束をしました。 — I made a promise with my friend. (original)
• Source: JMdict 1538130 · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

役に立つ — やくにたつ

expression; godan verb (つ) · common word

• Meanings: to be helpful; to be useful
• Furigana: 役(やく)に立(た)つ
• Kanji: 役に立つ; rare/historical: 役にたつ, やくに立つ
• Corpus example: それ以上はお役に立てません。 — Beyond that I cannot help you. (Tatoeba 204496)
• Source: JMdict 1537980 · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

焼ける — やける

ichidan verb (る-verb); intransitive · common word

• Meanings: to burn; to burn down; to go down in flames
• Also: to be roasted; to be sunburnt; to glow red (i.e. of the sky at sunset)
• Furigana: 焼(や)ける
• Kanji: 焼ける; rare/historical: 灼ける, 妬ける, 嫉ける
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 3,963 of ~351k · 2,391 occurrences across 1,556 videos
• Related: 焼く (やく, to roast)
• Corpus example: このトーストはよく焼けていません。 — This toast is not done enough. (Tatoeba 223477)
• Source: JMdict 1350610 · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

優しい — やさしい

い-adjective · common word

• Meanings: tender; kind; gentle; graceful; affectionate
• Furigana: 優(やさ)しい
• Kanji: 優しい
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 820 of ~351k · 14,465 occurrences across 8,014 videos
• Example: 母は優しい人です。 — My mother is a kind person. (original)
• Source: JMdict 1539040 · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

痩せる — やせる

ichidan verb (る-verb); intransitive · common word

• Meanings: to become thin; to lose weight; to slim
• Also: to become impoverished (of soil)
• Furigana: 痩(や)せる
• Kanji: 痩せる; rare/historical: 瘠せる, 痩る, 瘠る, 瘦せる
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 3,339 of ~351k · 2,963 occurrences across 1,342 videos
• Example: 運動して痩せました。 — I exercised and lost weight. (original)
• Source: JMdict 1605510 · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

やっと

adverb · usually kana · common word

• Meanings: at last; finally
• Also: barely (usually kana)
• Kanji: usually written in kana; rare/historical: 漸と
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 1,191 of ~351k · 10,103 occurrences across 6,558 videos
• Example: やっと宿題が終わりました。 — I finally finished my homework. (original)
• Notes: Kana-only headword.
• Source: JMdict 1012800 · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

やはり

adverb · usually kana · common word

• Meanings: as expected; sure enough; just as one thought
• Also: after all (is said and done) (usually kana); too (usually kana); still (usually kana)
• Kanji: usually written in kana; rare/historical: 矢張り, 矢張
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 96 of ~351k · 168,803 occurrences across 35,634 videos
• Example: やはり、家にいるのが一番いいです。 — As I thought, staying home is best. (original)
• Notes: Kana-only headword. This reading has other homographs in the dictionary; the entry above is the sense matching the study list.
• Source: JMdict 2772770 · mapping: accepted · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

止む — やむ

godan verb (む); intransitive · common word

• Meanings: to cease; to stop; to be over
• Furigana: 止(や)む
• Kanji: 止む; rare/historical: 已む, 罷む, 熄む, 歇む
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 3,806 of ~351k · 2,520 occurrences across 1,908 videos
• Related: 止める (とめる, to stop (someone from doing something))
• Example: 雨がやみました。 — The rain has stopped. (original)
• Source: JMdict 1310640 · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

止める — やめる

ichidan verb (る-verb); transitive · usually kana · common word

• Meanings: to stop (an activity); to cease; to discontinue; to end; to quit
• Also: to cancel (usually kana)
• Furigana: 止(や)める
• Kanji: 止める; rare/historical: 已める, 廃める
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 264 of ~351k · 48,785 occurrences across 19,860 videos — frequency is for the written form; TUBELEX aggregates its readings
• Related: 止む (やむ, to cease)
• Example: タバコをやめることにしました。 — I decided to stop smoking. (original)
• Source: JMdict 1310680 · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

柔らかい — やわらかい

い-adjective · common word

• Meanings: soft; tender; supple; flexible; limber
• Also: gentle; light (topic, book, etc.); flexible (thinking, mind, etc.)
• Furigana: 柔(やわ)らかい
• Kanji: 柔らかい, 軟らかい; rare/historical: 柔かい
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 1,498 of ~351k · 7,875 occurrences across 4,805 videos
• Related: 柔道 (じゅうどう, judo)
• Corpus example: 私は柔らかいベッドで眠るのが好きです。 — I like to sleep on a soft bed. (Tatoeba 156011)
• Source: JMdict 1605630 · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

湯 — ゆ

noun · common word

• Meanings: hot water
• Also: hot bath; molten iron
• Furigana: 湯(ゆ)
• Kanji: 湯
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 1,782 of ~351k · 6,544 occurrences across 3,194 videos — frequency is for the written form; TUBELEX aggregates its readings
• Example: お風呂の湯が熱いです。 — The bath water is hot. (original)
• Source: JMdict 1448580 · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

輸出 — ゆしゅつ

noun; suru verb (する); transitive · common word

• Meanings: export; exportation
• Also: efferent
• Furigana: 輸(ゆ)出(しゅつ)
• Kanji: 輸出
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 3,636 of ~351k · 2,667 occurrences across 921 videos — frequency is for the written form; TUBELEX aggregates its readings
• Related: 輸入 (ゆにゅう, import)
• Antonyms: 輸入
• Example: 日本は車を輸出しています。 — Japan exports cars. (original)
• Notes: Study list writes 輸出する; the JMdict headword is 輸出 (noun) with suru-verb 輸出する.
• Source: JMdict 1538820 · mapping: curated-override · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

輸入 — ゆにゅう

noun; suru verb (する); transitive · common word

• Meanings: import; importation; introduction
• Also: afferent
• Furigana: 輸(ゆ)入(にゅう)
• Kanji: 輸入
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 3,620 of ~351k · 2,682 occurrences across 1,346 videos — frequency is for the written form; TUBELEX aggregates its readings
• Related: 輸出 (ゆしゅつ, export)
• Antonyms: 輸出
• Corpus example: １９９８年日本の輸出が輸入を７７８億ドル上回った。 — Japan's exports exceeded imports by $77.8 billion in 1998. (Tatoeba 235874)
• Notes: Study list writes 輸入する; the JMdict headword is 輸入 (noun) with suru-verb 輸入する.
• Source: JMdict 1538870 · mapping: curated-override · N4 membership: Tanos N4 list (batch 6)

Scope

This batch contains 100 headword entries. Batches 1–7 contain 634 entries extracted from the cited Tanos N4 PDF. Tanos describes the PDF as NON-CUMULATIVE: it is designed to exclude N5 vocabulary, so use the N5 set as well for cumulative N4 preparation. Tanos separately advertises a 602-entry MP3/audio working set; the current PDF table has 634 membership rows, and the study set follows the PDF. In practice two headwords (明日, 開く) also appear in the N5 list with different readings; the overlap is preserved as a source-data property.