JLPT N3 vocabulary — batch 9

This is one of 22 reviewable batches that make up the knowledge base's N3 vocabulary study set. The JLPT publishes no official vocabulary list; the set follows the ordering and headwords of the Tanos N3 vocabulary list and is a community study target, not an official coverage guarantee.

Lexical facts (headword forms, readings, parts of speech, meanings, transitivity, usage labels, alternative forms) are backed by JMdict via the jmdict-simplified JSON distribution; the N3 classification itself comes from the community list. The study list's own glosses are used only as the membership record — every learner-facing meaning here is the dictionary meaning.

Furigana segmentation comes from JmdictFurigana; corpus example sentences come from the Tanaka corpus via Tatoeba as distributed with JMdict (each carries its Tatoeba sentence id); the everyday-frequency indicator comes from TUBELEX Japanese subtitle frequency data. Frequency describes how common a written form is in contemporary everyday speech — it is not a prediction about the JLPT.

Study set (batch 9)

Word	Reading	Meaning	Notes
思想	しそう	thought; idea; ideology
舌	した	tongue
従う	したがう	to obey (an order, law, etc.); to abide by (a rule, custom, etc.); to follow
したがって	したがって	therefore; consequently; accordingly	Kana-only headword.
親しい	したしい	close (e.g. friend); familiar; friendly
次第	しだい	circumstances; course of events; state of things
湿気	しっけ	moisture; humidity; dampness
質	しつ	quality; value
失業	しつぎょう	unemployment
湿度	しつど	humidity
失望	しつぼう	disappointment; despair
支店	してん	branch office; branch store
視点	してん	point of view; viewpoint; angle
指導	しどう	guidance; leadership; instruction
品	しな	article; item; thing
支配	しはい	rule; domination; control
支払	しはらい	payment
支払う	しはらう	to pay
芝居	しばい	play; drama
しばしば	しばしば	often; again and again; frequently	Kana-only headword.
芝生	しばふ	lawn; grass; turf
資本	しほん	funds; capital
志望	しぼう	wish; desire; ambition
死亡	しぼう	death; dying; mortality
脂肪	しぼう	fat; grease; blubber
姉妹	しまい	sisters
仕舞った	しまった	darn it!; darn!; oops!	Study list appended (かん) denoting 感嘆詞 (interjection); standard entry is しまった.
示す	しめす	to (take out and) show; to demonstrate; to tell
占める	しめる	to account for; to make up; to take up
湿る	しめる	to become damp; to become moist; to become wet
下	しも	lower reaches (of a river)
霜	しも	frost
借金	しゃっきん	debt; loan; liabilities
しゃべる	しゃべる	to talk; to chat; to chatter	Kana-only headword.
州	しゅう	state; province; county (e.g. of the UK)
衆	しゅう	great numbers (of people); numerical superiority; masses
週	しゅう	week
周囲	しゅうい	surroundings; environs
収穫	しゅうかく	harvest; crop; ingathering
宗教	しゅうきょう	religion; religious affiliation; belief
修飾	しゅうしょく	ornamentation; embellishment; decoration
就職	しゅうしょく	finding employment; getting a job
修正	しゅうせい	amendment; correction; revision
集団	しゅうだん	group; mass
集中	しゅうちゅう	concentration (on a task); focusing one's attention
収入	しゅうにゅう	income; earnings; revenue
修理	しゅうり	repair; mending; fixing
主義	しゅぎ	doctrine; rule; principle
宿泊	しゅくはく	accommodation; lodging
首相	しゅしょう	prime minister; chancellor; premier
手術	しゅじゅつ	surgery; operation; procedure
手段	しゅだん	means; way; measure
主張	しゅちょう	claim; insistence; assertion
出身	しゅっしん	one's origin (e.g. city, country, parentage, school)
出版	しゅっぱん	publication
出場	しゅつじょう	participation (in a tournament, match, race, etc.); entry; taking part (in)
首都	しゅと	capital (city); metropolis
主婦	しゅふ	housewife; mistress (of the house); homemaker
主要	しゅよう	chief; main; principal
種類	しゅるい	variety; kind; type
瞬間	しゅんかん	moment; instant; second
小	しょう	smallness; small item
章	しょう	chapter; section
賞	しょう	prize; award
生涯	しょうがい	life; lifetime; career
障害	しょうがい	obstacle; impediment; hindrance
奨学金	しょうがくきん	scholarship; stipend; bursary
正午	しょうご	noon; midday
少々	しょうしょう	a little while; a short time; a moment
正直	しょうじき	honest; frank; candid
少女	しょうじょ	girl (usu. between 7 and 17); young lady
症状	しょうじょう	symptoms; condition (of a patient)
生じる	しょうじる	to result from; to arise; to be generated
正体	しょうたい	true character; true form; true colors
衝突	しょうとつ	collision; crash; impact
商人	しょうにん	merchant; trader; tradesman
承認	しょうにん	recognition; acknowledgement; acknowledgment
少年	しょうねん	boy
商売	しょうばい	trade; business; commerce
消費	しょうひ	consumption; expenditure; spending
商品	しょうひん	commodity; article of commerce; goods
賞品	しょうひん	prize; trophy
消防	しょうぼう	fire fighting
照明	しょうめい	illumination; lighting
証明	しょうめい	proof; testimony; demonstration
省略	しょうりゃく	omission; leaving out
職	しょく	job; work; employment
職業	しょくぎょう	occupation; profession; job
食卓	しょくたく	dining table
食品	しょくひん	food; food products; foodstuffs
植物	しょくぶつ	plant; vegetation
食物	しょくもつ	food; foodstuff
食欲	しょくよく	appetite (for food)
食料	しょくりょう	food
食糧	しょくりょう	food (esp. staple food such as rice or wheat); provisions; rations
書斎	しょさい	study; library; den
署名	しょめい	signature; autograph
書物	しょもつ	book; volume
処理	しょり	processing; dealing with; treatment
書類	しょるい	document; papers

Detailed entries

思想 — しそう

noun · common word

Meanings: thought; idea; ideology
Furigana: 思(し)想(そう)
Kanji: 思想
Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 4,339 of ~351k · 2,113 occurrences across 1,109 videos
Related: 意思 (いし, intention) · 思い付く (おもいつく, to think of) · 思い出 (おもいで, memories) · 思わず (おもわず, unconsciously) · 不思議 (ふしぎ, wonderful)
Corpus example: 我々は言葉によって思想を表現する。 — We express thought with language. (Tatoeba 185878)
Source: JMdict 1309560 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

舌 — した

noun · common word

Meanings: tongue
Also: tongue-like object
Furigana: 舌(した)
Kanji: 舌
Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 4,516 of ~351k · 1,993 occurrences across 1,312 videos
Source: JMdict 1387010 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

従う — したがう

godan verb (う); intransitive · common word

Meanings: to obey (an order, law, etc.); to abide by (a rule, custom, etc.); to follow; to observe; to conform to
Also: to follow (a person); to go alongside (e.g. a river); to serve (as)
Furigana: 従(したが)う
Kanji: 従う; rare/historical: 随う, 順う, 遵う, 從う
Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 1,638 of ~351k · 7,040 occurrences across 4,334 videos
Related: 従兄弟 (いとこ, cousin (male)) · 従姉妹 (いとこ, cousin (female))
Source: JMdict 1335210 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

したがって

conjunction · usually kana · common word

Meanings: therefore; consequently; accordingly
Kanji: 従って
Related: 従兄弟 (いとこ, cousin (male)) · 従姉妹 (いとこ, cousin (female)) · 従う (したがう, to obey (an order, law, etc.))
Notes: Kana-only headword.
Source: JMdict 1335230 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

親しい — したしい

い-adjective · common word

Meanings: close (e.g. friend); familiar; friendly; intimate
Also: familiar (e.g. story); close (relatives)
Furigana: 親(した)しい
Kanji: 親しい
Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 7,521 of ~351k · 952 occurrences across 736 videos — frequency is for the written form; TUBELEX aggregates its readings
Related: 親戚 (しんせき, relative) · 親友 (しんゆう, close friend) · 父親 (ちちおや, father) · 母親 (ははおや, mother)
Corpus example: ジョンは私の親しい友人です。 — John is a good friend of mine. (Tatoeba 215287)
Source: JMdict 1365050 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

次第 — しだい

suffix · common word

Meanings: circumstances; course of events; state of things
Also: depending on; as soon as; as (e.g. "as one is told", "as one wishes")
Furigana: 次(し)第(だい)
Kanji: 次第
Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 2,036 of ~351k · 5,608 occurrences across 4,260 videos
Related: 次々 (つぎつぎ, in succession) · 次ぐ (つぐ, to follow)
Corpus example: こういう次第だ。 — This is how it stands. (Tatoeba 225047)
Notes: The study list's gloss for this entry was a loose paraphrase; the dictionary meanings above are authoritative.
Source: JMdict 1316680 · mapping: accepted-gloss-disagreement · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

湿気 — しっけ

noun · common word

Meanings: moisture; humidity; dampness
Furigana: 湿(しっ)気(け)
Kanji: 湿気
Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): moderately frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 10,894 of ~351k · 543 occurrences across 395 videos — frequency is for the written form; TUBELEX aggregates its readings
Related: 湿度 (しつど, humidity) · 湿る (しめる, to become damp)
Corpus example: 夏はとても湿気が多いんです。 — In the summer, it's very humid. (Tatoeba 187210)
Source: JMdict 1320410 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

質 — しつ

noun; noun suffix · common word

Meanings: quality; value
Also: nature; logical quality
Furigana: 質(しつ)
Kanji: 質
Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 1,578 of ~351k · 7,334 occurrences across 4,187 videos — frequency is for the written form; TUBELEX aggregates its readings
Related: 性質 (せいしつ, nature (of a person)) · 物質 (ぶっしつ, material)
Corpus example: お茶の質は下がりつつある。 — The quality of tea is going down. (Tatoeba 226870)
Source: JMdict 1320640 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

失業 — しつぎょう

noun · common word

Meanings: unemployment
Also: losing one's job
Furigana: 失(しつ)業(ぎょう)
Kanji: 失業
Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 7,949 of ~351k · 877 occurrences across 447 videos
Related: 失う (うしなう, to lose) · 失望 (しつぼう, disappointment)
Corpus example: この地域の失業はほぼないに等しい。 — Unemployment in this part of the country is virtually nonexistent. (Tatoeba 220608)
Source: JMdict 1319860 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

湿度 — しつど

noun · common word

Meanings: humidity
Furigana: 湿(しつ)度(ど)
Kanji: 湿度
Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 5,676 of ~351k · 1,433 occurrences across 629 videos
Related: 湿気 (しっけ, moisture) · 湿る (しめる, to become damp)
Corpus example: ニューヨークの天候は、夏は暑く湿度も高い。 — New York weather is hot and humid in the summer. (Tatoeba 198719)
Source: JMdict 1320490 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

失望 — しつぼう

noun; suru verb (する); intransitive · common word

Meanings: disappointment; despair
Furigana: 失(しつ)望(ぼう)
Kanji: 失望
Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): moderately frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 12,275 of ~351k · 450 occurrences across 346 videos
Related: 失う (うしなう, to lose) · 失業 (しつぎょう, unemployment)
Corpus example: 私はその結果に失望した。 — I was disappointed at the results. (Tatoeba 160208)
Source: JMdict 1320170 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

支店 — してん

noun · common word

Meanings: branch office; branch store
Furigana: 支(し)店(てん)
Kanji: 支店
Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): moderately frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 10,679 of ~351k · 561 occurrences across 338 videos
Related: 支える (ささえる, to support) · 支給 (しきゅう, provision) · 支出 (ししゅつ, expenditure) · 支配 (しはい, rule) · 支払 (しはらい, payment)
Source: JMdict 1310230 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

視点 — してん

noun · common word

Meanings: point of view; viewpoint; angle; perspective
Also: visual point (position of the eye in calculations of optical instruments)
Furigana: 視(し)点(てん)
Kanji: 視点
Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 2,073 of ~351k · 5,487 occurrences across 3,110 videos
Related: 近視 (きんし, myopia) · 視覚 (しかく, sight) · 重視 (じゅうし, regarding as important) · 無視 (むし, disregarding)
Source: JMdict 1312130 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

指導 — しどう

noun; suru verb (する); transitive · common word

Meanings: guidance; leadership; instruction; direction; coaching
Also: shido (minor penalty in judo)
Furigana: 指(し)導(どう)
Kanji: 指導
Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 1,918 of ~351k · 5,995 occurrences across 2,914 videos
Related: 指す (さす, to point) · 指揮 (しき, command)
Corpus example: 彼女はその党の指導的任務につくことを承認した。 — She has consented to take the leadership of the party. (Tatoeba 92335)
Source: JMdict 1309950 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

品 — しな

noun · common word

Meanings: article; item; thing; goods; stock
Also: quality; flirtatiousness (usually kana)
Furigana: 品(しな)
Kanji: 品; rare/historical: 科, 階
Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 610 of ~351k · 19,488 occurrences across 9,927 videos — frequency is for the written form; TUBELEX aggregates its readings
Related: 作品 (さくひん, work (e.g. book, film, painting, composition)) · 商品 (しょうひん, commodity) · 賞品 (しょうひん, prize) · 食品 (しょくひん, food) · 製品 (せいひん, manufactured goods)
Corpus example: ここでお買い上げの品は無料で配達します。 — Articles bought here will be delivered free of charge. (Tatoeba 224668)
Source: JMdict 1583470 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

支配 — しはい

noun; suru verb (する); transitive · common word

Meanings: rule; domination; control
Also: direction; control (of one's destiny, public opinion, etc.); government
Furigana: 支(し)配(はい)
Kanji: 支配
Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 2,515 of ~351k · 4,319 occurrences across 2,116 videos
Related: 支える (ささえる, to support) · 支給 (しきゅう, provision) · 支出 (ししゅつ, expenditure) · 支店 (してん, branch office) · 支払 (しはらい, payment)
Source: JMdict 1310270 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

支払 — しはらい

noun · common word

Meanings: payment
Furigana: 支(し)払(はらい)
Kanji: 支払, 支払い
Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 4,662 of ~351k · 1,905 occurrences across 1,061 videos
Related: 支える (ささえる, to support) · 支給 (しきゅう, provision) · 支出 (ししゅつ, expenditure) · 支店 (してん, branch office) · 支配 (しはい, rule)
Corpus example: 彼は借金の支払いを要求した。 — He demanded payment of the debt. (Tatoeba 104616)
Source: JMdict 1594480 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

支払う — しはらう

godan verb (う); transitive · common word

Meanings: to pay
Furigana: 支(し)払(はら)う
Kanji: 支払う
Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 3,312 of ~351k · 3,000 occurrences across 1,706 videos
Related: 支える (ささえる, to support) · 支給 (しきゅう, provision) · 支出 (ししゅつ, expenditure) · 支店 (してん, branch office) · 支配 (しはい, rule)
Corpus example: 私はその本に３ドル支払った。 — I paid 3 dollars for the book. (Tatoeba 159872)
Source: JMdict 1310300 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

芝居 — しばい

noun · common word

Meanings: play; drama
Furigana: 芝(しば)居(い)
Kanji: 芝居
Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 6,776 of ~351k · 1,113 occurrences across 566 videos
Related: 芝生 (しばふ, lawn)
Corpus example: どの芝居がいいですか。 — Can you recommend a good play? (Tatoeba 200308)
Source: JMdict 1321630 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

しばしば

adverb · usually kana · common word

Meanings: often; again and again; frequently; repeatedly
Kanji: 屡々; rare/historical: 屡屡, 屡, 数数, 数々
Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 8,983 of ~351k · 730 occurrences across 574 videos
Notes: Kana-only headword. This reading has other homographs in the dictionary; the entry above is the sense matching the study list.
Source: JMdict 1005580 · mapping: accepted · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

芝生 — しばふ

noun · common word

Meanings: lawn; grass; turf
Furigana: 芝生(しばふ)
Kanji: 芝生
Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 9,209 of ~351k · 703 occurrences across 347 videos
Related: 芝居 (しばい, play)
Corpus example: 芝生に露が降りている。 — Dew has formed on the lawn. (Tatoeba 216133)
Source: JMdict 1321650 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

資本 — しほん

noun · common word

Meanings: funds; capital
Furigana: 資(し)本(ほん)
Kanji: 資本
Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 4,013 of ~351k · 2,346 occurrences across 838 videos
Related: 資格 (しかく, qualifications) · 資源 (しげん, resources)
Corpus example: 彼らには次の工場を建設するだけの資本がある。 — They have enough capital to build a second factory. (Tatoeba 98627)
Source: JMdict 1312780 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

志望 — しぼう

noun; suru verb (する); transitive · common word

Meanings: wish; desire; ambition; choice
Furigana: 志(し)望(ぼう)
Kanji: 志望
Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 9,653 of ~351k · 656 occurrences across 367 videos
Related: 意志 (いし, will) · 同志 (どうし, comrade)
Corpus example: あの大学は私の第１志望だった。 — That university was my first choice. (Tatoeba 230628)
Source: JMdict 1309140 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

死亡 — しぼう

noun; suru verb (する); intransitive · common word

Meanings: death; dying; mortality
Furigana: 死(し)亡(ぼう)
Kanji: 死亡; rare/historical: ﾀﾋ亡
Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 3,582 of ~351k · 2,712 occurrences across 1,442 videos
Related: 死 (し, death) · 必死 (ひっし, frantic)
Corpus example: 我々は彼の死亡のニュースにショックを受けた。 — We were shocked at the news of his death. (Tatoeba 185608)
Source: JMdict 1310950 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

脂肪 — しぼう

noun · common word

Meanings: fat; grease; blubber; lard; suet
Furigana: 脂(し)肪(ぼう)
Kanji: 脂肪
Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 3,692 of ~351k · 2,610 occurrences across 904 videos
Related: 脂 (あぶら, fat)
Corpus example: 脂肪分は減らしたほうがいいですね。 — You had better cut out the fat. (Tatoeba 151189)
Source: JMdict 1311820 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

姉妹 — しまい

noun · common word

Meanings: sisters
Furigana: 姉(し)妹(まい)
Kanji: 姉妹
Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 5,640 of ~351k · 1,442 occurrences across 808 videos — frequency is for the written form; TUBELEX aggregates its readings
Related: 従姉妹 (いとこ, cousin (female))
Corpus example: 彼の姉妹は二人とも美人です。 — Both his sisters are beautiful. (Tatoeba 117217)
Source: JMdict 1579490 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

仕舞った — しまった

interjection · usually kana · common word

Meanings: darn it!; darn!; oops!; oh dear!; oh no!
Furigana: 仕(し)舞(ま)った
Kanji: 仕舞った
Related: 仕様 (しよう, way)
Corpus example: しまった、ガットが切れた。 — Oh, no. I broke a string in my racket. (Tatoeba 216080)
Notes: Study list appended (かん) denoting 感嘆詞 (interjection); standard entry is しまった.
Source: JMdict 1005600 · mapping: curated-override · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

示す — しめす

godan verb (す); transitive · common word

Meanings: to (take out and) show; to demonstrate; to tell; to exemplify; to make apparent
Also: to point out (finger, clock hand, needle, etc.); to indicate
Furigana: 示(しめ)す
Kanji: 示す
Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 990 of ~351k · 12,002 occurrences across 6,629 videos
Related: 掲示 (けいじ, notice)
Corpus example: 何もかも彼の有罪をしめしている。 — Everything points to his guilt. (Tatoeba 187685)
Source: JMdict 1317110 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

占める — しめる

ichidan verb (る-verb); transitive · common word

Meanings: to account for; to make up; to take up
Also: to occupy (a place, position, etc.); to occupy (one's mind, heart, etc.); to gain
Furigana: 占(し)める
Kanji: 占める
Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 4,405 of ~351k · 2,071 occurrences across 1,628 videos
Source: JMdict 1389460 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

湿る — しめる

godan verb (る); intransitive · common word

Meanings: to become damp; to become moist; to become wet
Also: to lack energy
Furigana: 湿(しめ)る
Kanji: 湿る
Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 9,894 of ~351k · 633 occurrences across 503 videos — frequency is for the written form; TUBELEX aggregates its readings
Related: 湿気 (しっけ, moisture) · 湿度 (しつど, humidity)
Source: JMdict 1320390 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

下 — しも

noun

Meanings: lower reaches (of a river)
Also: bottom; lower half (of the body, esp. the privates); end
Furigana: 下(しも)
Kanji: 下
Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 204 of ~351k · 65,570 occurrences across 26,903 videos — frequency is for the written form; TUBELEX aggregates its readings
Related: 下す (おろす, to take down) · 下り (くだり, down-train) · 下る (くだる, to descend) · 地下 (ちか, underground)
Antonyms: 上
Notes: The study list's gloss for this entry was a loose paraphrase; the dictionary meanings above are authoritative.
Source: JMdict 2080210 · mapping: accepted-gloss-disagreement · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

霜 — しも

noun · poetic · common word

Meanings: frost
Also: white hair (poetic)
Furigana: 霜(しも)
Kanji: 霜
Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): moderately frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 16,452 of ~351k · 281 occurrences across 163 videos
Corpus example: 今朝、地面は霜で覆われていた。 — The ground was covered with frost this morning. (Tatoeba 172216)
Source: JMdict 1402930 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

借金 — しゃっきん

noun; suru verb (する); transitive · colloquial · common word

Meanings: debt; loan; liabilities; borrowing money
Also: number of games under the .500 mark (colloquial)
Furigana: 借(しゃっ)金(きん)
Kanji: 借金
Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 3,815 of ~351k · 2,512 occurrences across 972 videos
Related: 借り (かり, borrowing)
Source: JMdict 1323940 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

しゃべる

godan verb (る); transitive; intransitive · usually kana · common word

Meanings: to talk; to chat; to chatter
Kanji: 喋る
Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 801 of ~351k · 14,769 occurrences across 6,505 videos
Related: お喋り (おしゃべり, chattering)
Corpus example: つい彼が病気だということをしゃべってしまった。 — I've just let slip that he is sick. (Tatoeba 202595)
Notes: Kana-only headword.
Source: JMdict 1427510 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

州 — しゅう

noun; noun suffix · common word

Meanings: state; province; county (e.g. of the UK); region; canton
Also: continent; province; province
Furigana: 州(しゅう)
Kanji: 州; rare/historical: 洲
Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 2,660 of ~351k · 3,988 occurrences across 1,988 videos — frequency is for the written form; TUBELEX aggregates its readings
Source: JMdict 1331840 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

衆 — しゅう

noun · honorific · familiar · common word

Meanings: great numbers (of people); numerical superiority; masses
Also: people (honorific)
Furigana: 衆(しゅう)
Kanji: 衆
Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): moderately frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 10,912 of ~351k · 541 occurrences across 215 videos — frequency is for the written form; TUBELEX aggregates its readings
Antonyms: 寡
Source: JMdict 1333240 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

週 — しゅう

noun; noun suffix · common word

Meanings: week
Furigana: 週(しゅう)
Kanji: 週
Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 1,557 of ~351k · 7,454 occurrences across 3,513 videos
Corpus example: それはその前の週に買ったものでした。 — I had bought it the week before. (Tatoeba 205482)
Source: JMdict 1333450 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

周囲 — しゅうい

noun; attributive noun (の) · common word

Meanings: surroundings; environs
Also: circumference
Furigana: 周(しゅう)囲(い)
Kanji: 周囲
Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 2,763 of ~351k · 3,820 occurrences across 2,545 videos
Corpus example: 生活のしかたを周囲の状況に合わせたらどうだい。 — Why don't you adapt your way of life to circumstances? (Tatoeba 142806)
Source: JMdict 1331030 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

収穫 — しゅうかく

noun; suru verb (する); transitive · common word

Meanings: harvest; crop; ingathering
Also: fruits (of one's labors); catch (fishing)
Furigana: 収(しゅう)穫(かく)
Kanji: 収穫
Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 3,534 of ~351k · 2,746 occurrences across 1,230 videos
Related: 収める (おさめる, to put (into)) · 吸収 (きゅうしゅう, absorption) · 収入 (しゅうにゅう, income)
Corpus example: 私たちはみな収穫の手伝いをした。 — We all helped with the harvest. (Tatoeba 166186)
Source: JMdict 1330510 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

宗教 — しゅうきょう

noun · common word

Meanings: religion; religious affiliation; belief; faith; creed
Also: religious activity
Furigana: 宗(しゅう)教(きょう)
Kanji: 宗教
Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 2,629 of ~351k · 4,046 occurrences across 1,512 videos
Source: JMdict 1331400 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

修飾 — しゅうしょく

noun; suru verb (する); transitive

Meanings: ornamentation; embellishment; decoration; adornment
Also: modification
Furigana: 修(しゅう)飾(しょく)
Kanji: 修飾
Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): moderately frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 16,330 of ~351k · 285 occurrences across 63 videos
Related: 修正 (しゅうせい, amendment) · 修理 (しゅうり, repair)
Source: JMdict 1332070 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

就職 — しゅうしょく

noun; suru verb (する); intransitive · common word

Meanings: finding employment; getting a job
Furigana: 就(しゅう)職(しょく)
Kanji: 就職
Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 3,350 of ~351k · 2,950 occurrences across 1,463 videos
Related: 就く (つく, to take (seat, position, course, office, etc.))
Source: JMdict 1331670 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

修正 — しゅうせい

noun; suru verb (する); transitive · common word

Meanings: amendment; correction; revision; modification; alteration
Furigana: 修(しゅう)正(せい)
Kanji: 修正
Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 2,308 of ~351k · 4,795 occurrences across 2,649 videos
Related: 修飾 (しゅうしょく, ornamentation) · 修理 (しゅうり, repair)
Source: JMdict 1332130 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

集団 — しゅうだん

noun · common word

Meanings: group; mass
Furigana: 集(しゅう)団(だん)
Kanji: 集団
Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 2,835 of ~351k · 3,694 occurrences across 1,988 videos
Related: 集まり (あつまり, gathering) · 採集 (さいしゅう, collecting) · 集中 (しゅうちゅう, concentration (on a task))
Corpus example: 君はいまやエリート集団の一員だ。 — You are now among the elite. (Tatoeba 177901)
Source: JMdict 1333730 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

集中 — しゅうちゅう

noun; suru verb (する); transitive; intransitive · common word

Meanings: concentration (on a task); focusing one's attention
Also: concentration (of population, buildings, power, etc.); within a collection of works
Furigana: 集(しゅう)中(ちゅう)
Kanji: 集中
Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 1,493 of ~351k · 7,891 occurrences across 4,879 videos
Related: 集まり (あつまり, gathering) · 採集 (さいしゅう, collecting) · 集団 (しゅうだん, group)
Corpus example: 私は読書に集中していた。 — I was concentrating on reading. (Tatoeba 154790)
Source: JMdict 1333750 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

収入 — しゅうにゅう

noun · common word

Meanings: income; earnings; revenue; proceeds; takings
Furigana: 収(しゅう)入(にゅう)
Kanji: 収入
Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 2,656 of ~351k · 3,995 occurrences across 1,822 videos
Related: 収める (おさめる, to put (into)) · 吸収 (きゅうしゅう, absorption) · 収穫 (しゅうかく, harvest)
Antonyms: 支出
Corpus example: 収入以上の生活をするな。 — Do not live above your income. (Tatoeba 148276)
Source: JMdict 1330790 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

修理 — しゅうり

noun; suru verb (する); transitive · common word

Meanings: repair; mending; fixing; servicing
Furigana: 修(しゅう)理(り)
Kanji: 修理
Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 2,679 of ~351k · 3,956 occurrences across 1,857 videos — frequency is for the written form; TUBELEX aggregates its readings
Related: 修飾 (しゅうしょく, ornamentation) · 修正 (しゅうせい, amendment)
Corpus example: その車は修理する価値がない。 — The car isn't worth repairing. (Tatoeba 209561)
Source: JMdict 1332400 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

主義 — しゅぎ

noun · common word

Meanings: doctrine; rule; principle; -ism
Furigana: 主(しゅ)義(ぎ)
Kanji: 主義
Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 1,713 of ~351k · 6,788 occurrences across 2,548 videos
Related: 主に (おもに, mainly) · 主張 (しゅちょう, claim) · 主婦 (しゅふ, housewife) · 主要 (しゅよう, chief)
Corpus example: それは私の主義に反する。 — That runs against my principles. (Tatoeba 205124)
Source: JMdict 1325260 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

宿泊 — しゅくはく

noun; suru verb (する); intransitive · common word

Meanings: accommodation; lodging
Furigana: 宿(しゅく)泊(はく)
Kanji: 宿泊
Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 3,318 of ~351k · 2,996 occurrences across 1,361 videos
Related: 宿 (やど, lodging)
Source: JMdict 1337300 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

首相 — しゅしょう

noun · common word

Meanings: prime minister; chancellor; premier
Furigana: 首(しゅ)相(しょう)
Kanji: 首相
Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 3,018 of ~351k · 3,390 occurrences across 1,244 videos
Related: 首都 (しゅと, capital (city))
Corpus example: 首相の留守中は外務大臣が代理を務める。 — The foreign minister will act for the Prime Minister in his absence. (Tatoeba 148416)
Source: JMdict 1329300 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

手術 — しゅじゅつ

noun; suru verb (する); transitive · common word

Meanings: surgery; operation; procedure
Also: skill with one's hands
Furigana: 手(しゅ)術(じゅつ)
Kanji: 手術
Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 2,649 of ~351k · 4,003 occurrences across 1,513 videos — frequency is for the written form; TUBELEX aggregates its readings
Related: 相手 (あいて, companion) · 握手 (あくしゅ, handshake) · 歌手 (かしゅ, singer) · 手段 (しゅだん, means) · 助手 (じょしゅ, assistant)
Source: JMdict 1327790 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

手段 — しゅだん

noun · common word

Meanings: means; way; measure
Furigana: 手(しゅ)段(だん)
Kanji: 手段
Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 2,758 of ~351k · 3,831 occurrences across 2,702 videos
Related: 相手 (あいて, companion) · 握手 (あくしゅ, handshake) · 歌手 (かしゅ, singer) · 手術 (しゅじゅつ, surgery) · 助手 (じょしゅ, assistant)
Source: JMdict 1328110 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

主張 — しゅちょう

noun; suru verb (する); transitive · common word

Meanings: claim; insistence; assertion; advocacy; emphasis
Furigana: 主(しゅ)張(ちょう)
Kanji: 主張
Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 2,090 of ~351k · 5,405 occurrences across 2,961 videos
Related: 主に (おもに, mainly) · 主義 (しゅぎ, doctrine) · 主婦 (しゅふ, housewife) · 主要 (しゅよう, chief)
Corpus example: 私たちはその重要性を主張した。 — We insisted on its importance. (Tatoeba 166383)
Source: JMdict 1325910 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

出身 — しゅっしん

noun · common word

Meanings: one's origin (e.g. city, country, parentage, school)
Furigana: 出(しゅっ)身(しん)
Kanji: 出身
Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 2,478 of ~351k · 4,409 occurrences across 3,083 videos
Related: 思い出 (おもいで, memories) · 外出 (がいしゅつ, going out) · 支出 (ししゅつ, expenditure) · 出版 (しゅっぱん, publication) · 出場 (しゅつじょう, participation (in a tournament, match, race, etc.))
Corpus example: 私は東京出身です。 — I'm from Tokyo. (Tatoeba 154866)
Notes: The study list's gloss for this entry was a loose paraphrase; the dictionary meanings above are authoritative.
Source: JMdict 1339260 · mapping: accepted-gloss-disagreement · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

出版 — しゅっぱん

noun; suru verb (する); transitive · common word

Meanings: publication
Furigana: 出(しゅっ)版(ぱん)
Kanji: 出版; rare/historical: 出板
Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 4,209 of ~351k · 2,207 occurrences across 1,099 videos
Related: 思い出 (おもいで, memories) · 外出 (がいしゅつ, going out) · 支出 (ししゅつ, expenditure) · 出身 (しゅっしん, one's origin (e.g. city, country, parentage, school)) · 出場 (しゅつじょう, participation (in a tournament, match, race, etc.))
Corpus example: ついにその本を出版した。 — We finally published the book. (Tatoeba 202670)
Source: JMdict 1340030 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

出場 — しゅつじょう

noun; suru verb (する); intransitive · common word

Meanings: participation (in a tournament, match, race, etc.); entry; taking part (in); competing (in); appearance
Also: appearance (on the stage, television, etc.); exiting (a venue, train station, etc.); being dispatched (of an ambulance, fire engine, etc.)
Furigana: 出(しゅつ)場(じょう)
Kanji: 出場
Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 2,911 of ~351k · 3,563 occurrences across 1,693 videos — frequency is for the written form; TUBELEX aggregates its readings
Related: 思い出 (おもいで, memories) · 外出 (がいしゅつ, going out) · 支出 (ししゅつ, expenditure) · 出身 (しゅっしん, one's origin (e.g. city, country, parentage, school)) · 出版 (しゅっぱん, publication)
Antonyms: 入場
Corpus example: ２０チームがトーナメントに出場した。 — Twenty teams entered the tournament. (Tatoeba 235596)
Source: JMdict 1339220 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

首都 — しゅと

noun · common word

Meanings: capital (city); metropolis
Furigana: 首(しゅ)都(と)
Kanji: 首都
Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 4,792 of ~351k · 1,825 occurrences across 1,147 videos
Related: 首相 (しゅしょう, prime minister)
Corpus example: 東京は日本の首都です。 — Tokyo is the capital of Japan. (Tatoeba 124196)
Source: JMdict 1329340 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

主婦 — しゅふ

noun · common word

Meanings: housewife; mistress (of the house); homemaker
Furigana: 主(しゅ)婦(ふ)
Kanji: 主婦
Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 6,816 of ~351k · 1,103 occurrences across 710 videos
Related: 主に (おもに, mainly) · 主義 (しゅぎ, doctrine) · 主張 (しゅちょう, claim) · 主要 (しゅよう, chief)
Source: JMdict 1326160 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

主要 — しゅよう

な-adjective; noun · common word

Meanings: chief; main; principal; major
Furigana: 主(しゅ)要(よう)
Kanji: 主要
Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 4,509 of ~351k · 1,999 occurrences across 1,548 videos
Related: 主に (おもに, mainly) · 主義 (しゅぎ, doctrine) · 主張 (しゅちょう, claim) · 主婦 (しゅふ, housewife)
Source: JMdict 1326320 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

種類 — しゅるい

noun · common word

Meanings: variety; kind; type; category
Also: counter for kinds, species, etc.
Furigana: 種(しゅ)類(るい)
Kanji: 種類
Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 598 of ~351k · 19,874 occurrences across 10,926 videos
Related: 一種 (いっしゅ, a kind) · 人種 (じんしゅ, race (of people)) · 種 (たね, seed (e.g. of a plant))
Corpus example: 動物園にはたくさんの種類の動物がいる。 — There are many kinds of animals in the zoo. (Tatoeba 123735)
Source: JMdict 1328890 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

瞬間 — しゅんかん

noun · common word

Meanings: moment; instant; second
Furigana: 瞬(しゅん)間(かん)
Kanji: 瞬間
Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 968 of ~351k · 12,291 occurrences across 7,347 videos
Related: 一瞬 (いっしゅん, instant)
Corpus example: この瞬間は歴史に記録されるだろう。 — This moment will be recorded in history. (Tatoeba 221226)
Source: JMdict 1341210 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

小 — しょう

noun; noun prefix · abbreviation · common word

Meanings: smallness; small item
Also: short month (i.e. having fewer than 31 days) (abbreviation); urine (abbreviation); elementary school (abbreviation)
Furigana: 小(しょう)
Kanji: 小
Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 672 of ~351k · 17,643 occurrences across 8,577 videos — frequency is for the written form; TUBELEX aggregates its readings
Related: 小銭 (こぜに, small change) · 小包 (こづつみ, parcel) · 小麦 (こむぎ, wheat) · 小屋 (こや, hut)
Corpus example: 大か、小か。 — Large or small? (Tatoeba 137762)
Source: JMdict 2083540 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

章 — しょう

noun · common word

Meanings: chapter; section
Also: medal
Furigana: 章(しょう)
Kanji: 章
Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 1,720 of ~351k · 6,763 occurrences across 2,278 videos
Source: JMdict 1351270 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

賞 — しょう

noun; noun suffix · common word

Meanings: prize; award
Furigana: 賞(しょう)
Kanji: 賞
Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 2,220 of ~351k · 5,070 occurrences across 2,332 videos
Related: 賞品 (しょうひん, prize)
Corpus example: 期待されたとおり彼は賞を得た。 — As was expected, he won the prize. (Tatoeba 183395)
Source: JMdict 1351910 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

生涯 — しょうがい

noun · common word

Meanings: life; lifetime; career
Also: for life
Furigana: 生(しょう)涯(がい)
Kanji: 生涯
Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 5,230 of ~351k · 1,618 occurrences across 1,047 videos
Related: 生き物 (いきもの, living thing) · 一生 (いっしょう, whole life) · 生まれ (うまれ, birth) · 生地 (きじ, cloth) · 芝生 (しばふ, lawn)
Source: JMdict 1378840 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

障害 — しょうがい

noun; suru verb (する); transitive · common word

Meanings: obstacle; impediment; hindrance; barrier; difficulty
Also: disability; steeplechase (abbreviation); obstacle race (abbreviation)
Furigana: 障(しょう)害(がい)
Kanji: 障害; rare/historical: 障がい, 障碍, 障礙
Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 1,083 of ~351k · 11,095 occurrences across 3,271 videos
Related: 保障 (ほしょう, guarantee)
Corpus example: 先駆者達は一連の障害を克服してきた。 — The pioneers have overcome a series of obstacles. (Tatoeba 141895)
Source: JMdict 1352060 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

奨学金 — しょうがくきん

noun · common word

Meanings: scholarship; stipend; bursary; grant-in-aid
Also: student loan
Furigana: 奨(しょう)学(がく)金(きん)
Kanji: 奨学金
Source: JMdict 1347530 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

正午 — しょうご

noun; adverb · common word

Meanings: noon; midday
Furigana: 正(しょう)午(ご)
Kanji: 正午
Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): moderately frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 16,579 of ~351k · 277 occurrences across 212 videos
Related: 公正 (こうせい, justice) · 修正 (しゅうせい, amendment) · 正直 (しょうじき, honest) · 正体 (しょうたい, true character) · 正 (せい, true)
Corpus example: 私たちは、普通正午に昼食を食べます。 — We usually have lunch at noon. (Tatoeba 166715)
Source: JMdict 1377080 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

少々 — しょうしょう

adverb; noun · common word

Meanings: a little while; a short time; a moment; a minute; a second
Also: a little
Furigana: 少(しょう)々(しょう)
Kanji: 少々; rare/historical: 少少, 小々, 小小
Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 3,959 of ~351k · 2,394 occurrences across 1,791 videos
Related: 減少 (げんしょう, decrease) · 少女 (しょうじょ, girl (usu. between 7 and 17)) · 少年 (しょうねん, boy) · 少しも (すこしも, at all) · 多少 (たしょう, a little)
Source: JMdict 1594930 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

正直 — しょうじき

な-adjective; noun · common word

Meanings: honest; frank; candid; straightforward
Also: honestly
Furigana: 正(しょう)直(じき)
Kanji: 正直
Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 890 of ~351k · 13,345 occurrences across 7,849 videos
Related: 公正 (こうせい, justice) · 修正 (しゅうせい, amendment) · 正午 (しょうご, noon) · 正体 (しょうたい, true character) · 正 (せい, true)
Corpus example: その事実は彼の正直さを証明している。 — The fact proves his honesty. (Tatoeba 209793)
Notes: The study list's gloss for this entry was a loose paraphrase; the dictionary meanings above are authoritative.
Source: JMdict 1377590 · mapping: accepted-gloss-disagreement · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

少女 — しょうじょ

noun · archaic · common word

Meanings: girl (usu. between 7 and 17); young lady
Also: female between 17 and 20 years old (ritsuryō period) (archaic)
Furigana: 少(しょう)女(じょ)
Kanji: 少女; rare/historical: 小女
Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 2,878 of ~351k · 3,625 occurrences across 1,705 videos — frequency is for the written form; TUBELEX aggregates its readings
Related: 減少 (げんしょう, decrease) · 少々 (しょうしょう, a little while) · 少年 (しょうねん, boy) · 少しも (すこしも, at all) · 多少 (たしょう, a little)
Source: JMdict 1580290 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

症状 — しょうじょう

noun · common word

Meanings: symptoms; condition (of a patient)
Furigana: 症(しょう)状(じょう)
Kanji: 症状
Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 1,700 of ~351k · 6,840 occurrences across 2,487 videos
Corpus example: よくこういう症状が起きますか。 — Do you have this symptom often? (Tatoeba 192821)
Source: JMdict 1351030 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

生じる — しょうじる

ichidan verb (る-verb); transitive · common word

Meanings: to result from; to arise; to be generated
Also: to produce
Furigana: 生(しょう)じる
Kanji: 生じる
Related: 生き物 (いきもの, living thing) · 一生 (いっしょう, whole life) · 生まれ (うまれ, birth) · 生地 (きじ, cloth) · 芝生 (しばふ, lawn)
Source: JMdict 1378650 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

正体 — しょうたい

noun · common word

Meanings: true character; true form; true colors; identity; truth (of a mystery, phenomenon, etc.)
Also: consciousness
Furigana: 正(しょう)体(たい)
Kanji: 正体
Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 4,787 of ~351k · 1,830 occurrences across 1,227 videos
Related: 公正 (こうせい, justice) · 修正 (しゅうせい, amendment) · 正午 (しょうご, noon) · 正直 (しょうじき, honest) · 正 (せい, true)
Source: JMdict 1377530 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

衝突 — しょうとつ

noun; suru verb (する); intransitive · common word

Meanings: collision; crash; impact; running into
Also: clash
Furigana: 衝(しょう)突(とつ)
Kanji: 衝突
Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 5,320 of ~351k · 1,570 occurrences across 873 videos
Corpus example: 車がトラックに衝突した。 — The car collided with a truck. (Tatoeba 149140)
Source: JMdict 1351560 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

商人 — しょうにん

noun · common word

Meanings: merchant; trader; tradesman; dealer; shopkeeper
Furigana: 商(しょう)人(にん)
Kanji: 商人
Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 6,122 of ~351k · 1,290 occurrences across 547 videos — frequency is for the written form; TUBELEX aggregates its readings
Related: 商売 (しょうばい, trade) · 商品 (しょうひん, commodity)
Source: JMdict 1580270 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

承認 — しょうにん

noun; suru verb (する); transitive · common word

Meanings: recognition; acknowledgement; acknowledgment; approval; consent
Furigana: 承(しょう)認(にん)
Kanji: 承認
Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 4,542 of ~351k · 1,977 occurrences across 934 videos
Source: JMdict 1349520 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

少年 — しょうねん

noun · common word

Meanings: boy
Also: juvenile
Furigana: 少(しょう)年(ねん)
Kanji: 少年
Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 2,189 of ~351k · 5,146 occurrences across 1,925 videos
Related: 減少 (げんしょう, decrease) · 少々 (しょうしょう, a little while) · 少女 (しょうじょ, girl (usu. between 7 and 17)) · 少しも (すこしも, at all) · 多少 (たしょう, a little)
Corpus example: 少年は木に自分の名前を刻んだ。 — The boy carved his name on the tree. (Tatoeba 146513)
Notes: The study list's gloss for this entry was a loose paraphrase; the dictionary meanings above are authoritative.
Source: JMdict 1349170 · mapping: accepted-gloss-disagreement · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

商売 — しょうばい

noun; suru verb (する); intransitive · colloquial · common word

Meanings: trade; business; commerce
Also: occupation (colloquial)
Furigana: 商(しょう)売(ばい)
Kanji: 商売
Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 4,878 of ~351k · 1,792 occurrences across 1,145 videos
Related: 商人 (しょうにん, merchant) · 商品 (しょうひん, commodity)
Corpus example: 地元の店は観光客相手に順調な商売をしている。 — Local shops do good business with tourists. (Tatoeba 183793)
Source: JMdict 1347200 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

消費 — しょうひ

noun; suru verb (する); transitive · common word

Meanings: consumption; expenditure; spending
Furigana: 消(しょう)費(ひ)
Kanji: 消費
Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 923 of ~351k · 12,972 occurrences across 3,995 videos
Related: 消防 (しょうぼう, fire fighting)
Corpus example: その車は多量の燃料を消費する。 — The car consumes a lot of fuel. (Tatoeba 209556)
Source: JMdict 1350290 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

商品 — しょうひん

noun · common word

Meanings: commodity; article of commerce; goods; stock; merchandise
Furigana: 商(しょう)品(ひん)
Kanji: 商品
Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 569 of ~351k · 21,030 occurrences across 7,554 videos
Related: 商人 (しょうにん, merchant) · 商売 (しょうばい, trade)
Source: JMdict 1347310 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

賞品 — しょうひん

noun · common word

Meanings: prize; trophy
Furigana: 賞(しょう)品(ひん)
Kanji: 賞品
Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): moderately frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 24,499 of ~351k · 139 occurrences across 87 videos
Related: 賞 (しょう, prize)
Corpus example: 先生はジョンに賞品を与えた。 — The teacher gave John a prize. (Tatoeba 141696)
Source: JMdict 1351960 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

消防 — しょうぼう

noun · abbreviation · common word

Meanings: fire fighting
Also: fire department (abbreviation)
Furigana: 消(しょう)防(ぼう)
Kanji: 消防
Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 5,156 of ~351k · 1,653 occurrences across 649 videos
Related: 消費 (しょうひ, consumption)
Source: JMdict 1350340 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

照明 — しょうめい

noun; suru verb (する); transitive · common word

Meanings: illumination; lighting
Furigana: 照(しょう)明(めい)
Kanji: 照明
Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 3,275 of ~351k · 3,055 occurrences across 1,485 videos
Related: 対照 (たいしょう, contrast)
Source: JMdict 1350990 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

証明 — しょうめい

noun; suru verb (する); transitive · common word

Meanings: proof; testimony; demonstration; verification; certification
Furigana: 証(しょう)明(めい)
Kanji: 証明
Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 2,288 of ~351k · 4,849 occurrences across 2,550 videos
Related: 保証 (ほしょう, guarantee)
Corpus example: 私が間違っていない事を証明しよう。 — I'll show you that I am right. (Tatoeba 167829)
Source: JMdict 1351680 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

省略 — しょうりゃく

noun; suru verb (する); transitive · common word

Meanings: omission; leaving out
Also: abbreviation
Furigana: 省(しょう)略(りゃく)
Kanji: 省略
Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 6,378 of ~351k · 1,213 occurrences across 828 videos
Related: 省く (はぶく, to omit) · 反省 (はんせい, reflection)
Source: JMdict 1351120 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

職 — しょく

noun; noun suffix · common word

Meanings: job; work; employment; occupation; position
Also: duties; trade
Furigana: 職(しょく)
Kanji: 職 (N3)
Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 3,789 of ~351k · 2,531 occurrences across 1,482 videos — frequency is for the written form; TUBELEX aggregates its readings
Related: 就職 (しゅうしょく, finding employment) · 職業 (しょくぎょう, occupation)
Corpus example: 職探しはどうなったの？ — How is your job hunting going? (Tatoeba 145963)
Source: JMdict 1357480 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

職業 — しょくぎょう

noun · common word

Meanings: occupation; profession; job; vocation; career
Furigana: 職(しょく)業(ぎょう)
Kanji: 職業
Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 3,812 of ~351k · 2,513 occurrences across 1,461 videos
Related: 就職 (しゅうしょく, finding employment) · 職 (しょく, job)
Corpus example: 彼の職業は弁護士です。 — He is a lawyer by profession. (Tatoeba 116884)
Source: JMdict 1357510 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

食卓 — しょくたく

noun; attributive noun (の) · common word

Meanings: dining table
Furigana: 食(しょく)卓(たく)
Kanji: 食卓
Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): moderately frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 11,440 of ~351k · 505 occurrences across 366 videos
Related: 食う (くう, to eat) · 食品 (しょくひん, food) · 食物 (しょくもつ, food) · 食欲 (しょくよく, appetite (for food)) · 食料 (しょくりょう, food)
Corpus example: 彼女は食卓に料理を並べた。 — She spread dishes on the table. (Tatoeba 88601)
Source: JMdict 1358530 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

食品 — しょくひん

noun · common word

Meanings: food; food products; foodstuffs
Furigana: 食(しょく)品(ひん)
Kanji: 食品
Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 2,418 of ~351k · 4,534 occurrences across 1,901 videos
Related: 食う (くう, to eat) · 食卓 (しょくたく, dining table) · 食物 (しょくもつ, food) · 食欲 (しょくよく, appetite (for food)) · 食料 (しょくりょう, food)
Corpus example: この食品は有毒である。 — This food is unhealthy. (Tatoeba 221050)
Notes: The study list's gloss for this entry was a loose paraphrase; the dictionary meanings above are authoritative.
Source: JMdict 1358600 · mapping: accepted-gloss-disagreement · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

植物 — しょくぶつ

noun · common word

Meanings: plant; vegetation
Furigana: 植(しょく)物(ぶつ)
Kanji: 植物
Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 1,528 of ~351k · 7,698 occurrences across 2,446 videos
Source: JMdict 1357300 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

食物 — しょくもつ

noun · common word

Meanings: food; foodstuff
Furigana: 食(しょく)物(もつ)
Kanji: 食物
Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 6,433 of ~351k · 1,198 occurrences across 546 videos — frequency is for the written form; TUBELEX aggregates its readings
Related: 食う (くう, to eat) · 食卓 (しょくたく, dining table) · 食品 (しょくひん, food) · 食欲 (しょくよく, appetite (for food)) · 食料 (しょくりょう, food)
Corpus example: 私はたくさんの食物を持って帰ろう。 — I will bring back a lot of food. (Tatoeba 159602)
Source: JMdict 1358620 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

食欲 — しょくよく

noun · common word

Meanings: appetite (for food)
Furigana: 食(しょく)欲(よく)
Kanji: 食欲; rare/historical: 食慾
Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 7,108 of ~351k · 1,035 occurrences across 753 videos
Related: 食う (くう, to eat) · 食卓 (しょくたく, dining table) · 食品 (しょくひん, food) · 食物 (しょくもつ, food) · 食料 (しょくりょう, food)
Corpus example: 最近食欲がないんです。 — Recently I have had no appetite. (Tatoeba 170622)
Source: JMdict 1358660 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

食料 — しょくりょう

noun · common word

Meanings: food
Furigana: 食(しょく)料(りょう)
Kanji: 食料
Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 3,622 of ~351k · 2,682 occurrences across 1,275 videos
Related: 食う (くう, to eat) · 食卓 (しょくたく, dining table) · 食品 (しょくひん, food) · 食物 (しょくもつ, food) · 食欲 (しょくよく, appetite (for food))
Source: JMdict 1358670 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

食糧 — しょくりょう

noun · common word

Meanings: food (esp. staple food such as rice or wheat); provisions; rations; food supply
Furigana: 食(しょく)糧(りょう)
Kanji: 食糧
Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 9,565 of ~351k · 664 occurrences across 310 videos
Related: 食う (くう, to eat) · 食卓 (しょくたく, dining table) · 食品 (しょくひん, food) · 食物 (しょくもつ, food) · 食欲 (しょくよく, appetite (for food))
Corpus example: 食糧が不足している。 — Food has been in short supply. (Tatoeba 145751)
Source: JMdict 1358690 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

書斎 — しょさい

noun · common word

Meanings: study; library; den; home office; reading room
Furigana: 書(しょ)斎(さい)
Kanji: 書斎; rare/historical: 書斉
Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): moderately frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 11,614 of ~351k · 492 occurrences across 201 videos
Related: 教科書 (きょうかしょ, textbook) · 書物 (しょもつ, book) · 書類 (しょるい, document) · 図書 (としょ, books) · 読書 (どくしょ, reading (books))
Corpus example: このドアは書斎に通じている。 — This door leads to the study. (Tatoeba 223480)
Source: JMdict 1344030 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

署名 — しょめい

noun; suru verb (する); intransitive · common word

Meanings: signature; autograph
Furigana: 署(しょ)名(めい)
Kanji: 署名
Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 6,382 of ~351k · 1,213 occurrences across 555 videos
Corpus example: この手紙には署名がない。 — This letter bears no signature. (Tatoeba 221344)
Source: JMdict 1343640 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

書物 — しょもつ

noun · common word

Meanings: book; volume
Furigana: 書(しょ)物(もつ)
Kanji: 書物
Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): moderately frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 10,325 of ~351k · 593 occurrences across 325 videos
Related: 教科書 (きょうかしょ, textbook) · 書斎 (しょさい, study) · 書類 (しょるい, document) · 図書 (としょ, books) · 読書 (どくしょ, reading (books))
Corpus example: 私たちは、書物から楽しみを得ることができる。 — We can derive pleasure from books. (Tatoeba 166735)
Notes: The study list's gloss for this entry was a loose paraphrase; the dictionary meanings above are authoritative.
Source: JMdict 1344150 · mapping: accepted-gloss-disagreement · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

処理 — しょり

noun; suru verb (する); transitive · common word

Meanings: processing; dealing with; treatment; disposition; disposal
Furigana: 処(しょ)理(り)
Kanji: 処理
Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 1,042 of ~351k · 11,467 occurrences across 4,864 videos
Corpus example: あなたはあの車をどう処理したのですか？ — What did you do with that car? (Tatoeba 232868)
Source: JMdict 1342510 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

書類 — しょるい

noun · common word

Meanings: document; papers
Furigana: 書(しょ)類(るい)
Kanji: 書類
Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 3,579 of ~351k · 2,713 occurrences across 1,287 videos
Related: 教科書 (きょうかしょ, textbook) · 書斎 (しょさい, study) · 書物 (しょもつ, book) · 図書 (としょ, books) · 読書 (どくしょ, reading (books))
Corpus example: この手紙を書類にしてもらいたい。 — I want this letter registered. (Tatoeba 221314)
Source: JMdict 1344200 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 9)

Scope

This batch contains 100 headword entries. Batches 1–22 contain 2,139 entries extracted from the canonical Tanos/community N3 vocabulary dataset. The N3 list builds upon N5 and N4 prerequisites.

JLPT N3 vocabulary — batch 9 ​

Study set (batch 9) ​

Detailed entries ​

思想 — しそう ​

舌 — した ​

従う — したがう ​

したがって ​

親しい — したしい ​

次第 — しだい ​

湿気 — しっけ ​

質 — しつ ​

失業 — しつぎょう ​

湿度 — しつど ​

失望 — しつぼう ​

支店 — してん ​

視点 — してん ​

指導 — しどう ​

品 — しな ​

支配 — しはい ​

支払 — しはらい ​

支払う — しはらう ​

芝居 — しばい ​

しばしば ​

芝生 — しばふ ​

資本 — しほん ​

志望 — しぼう ​

死亡 — しぼう ​

脂肪 — しぼう ​

姉妹 — しまい ​

仕舞った — しまった ​

示す — しめす ​

占める — しめる ​

湿る — しめる ​

下 — しも ​

霜 — しも ​

借金 — しゃっきん ​

しゃべる ​

州 — しゅう ​

衆 — しゅう ​

週 — しゅう ​

周囲 — しゅうい ​

収穫 — しゅうかく ​

宗教 — しゅうきょう ​

修飾 — しゅうしょく ​

就職 — しゅうしょく ​

修正 — しゅうせい ​

集団 — しゅうだん ​

集中 — しゅうちゅう ​

収入 — しゅうにゅう ​

修理 — しゅうり ​

主義 — しゅぎ ​

宿泊 — しゅくはく ​

首相 — しゅしょう ​

手術 — しゅじゅつ ​

手段 — しゅだん ​

主張 — しゅちょう ​

出身 — しゅっしん ​

出版 — しゅっぱん ​

出場 — しゅつじょう ​

首都 — しゅと ​

主婦 — しゅふ ​

主要 — しゅよう ​

種類 — しゅるい ​

瞬間 — しゅんかん ​

小 — しょう ​

章 — しょう ​

賞 — しょう ​

生涯 — しょうがい ​

障害 — しょうがい ​

奨学金 — しょうがくきん ​

正午 — しょうご ​

少々 — しょうしょう ​

正直 — しょうじき ​

少女 — しょうじょ ​

症状 — しょうじょう ​

生じる — しょうじる ​

正体 — しょうたい ​

衝突 — しょうとつ ​

商人 — しょうにん ​

承認 — しょうにん ​

JLPT N3 vocabulary — batch 9

Study set (batch 9)

Detailed entries

思想 — しそう

舌 — した

従う — したがう

したがって

親しい — したしい

次第 — しだい

湿気 — しっけ

質 — しつ

失業 — しつぎょう

湿度 — しつど

失望 — しつぼう

支店 — してん

視点 — してん

指導 — しどう

品 — しな

支配 — しはい

支払 — しはらい

支払う — しはらう

芝居 — しばい

しばしば

芝生 — しばふ

資本 — しほん

志望 — しぼう

死亡 — しぼう

脂肪 — しぼう

姉妹 — しまい

仕舞った — しまった

示す — しめす

占める — しめる

湿る — しめる

下 — しも

霜 — しも

借金 — しゃっきん

しゃべる

州 — しゅう

衆 — しゅう

週 — しゅう

周囲 — しゅうい

収穫 — しゅうかく

宗教 — しゅうきょう

修飾 — しゅうしょく

就職 — しゅうしょく

修正 — しゅうせい

集団 — しゅうだん

集中 — しゅうちゅう

収入 — しゅうにゅう

修理 — しゅうり

主義 — しゅぎ

宿泊 — しゅくはく

首相 — しゅしょう

手術 — しゅじゅつ

手段 — しゅだん

主張 — しゅちょう

出身 — しゅっしん

出版 — しゅっぱん

出場 — しゅつじょう

首都 — しゅと

主婦 — しゅふ

主要 — しゅよう

種類 — しゅるい

瞬間 — しゅんかん

小 — しょう

章 — しょう

賞 — しょう

生涯 — しょうがい

障害 — しょうがい

奨学金 — しょうがくきん

正午 — しょうご

少々 — しょうしょう

正直 — しょうじき

少女 — しょうじょ

症状 — しょうじょう

生じる — しょうじる

正体 — しょうたい

衝突 — しょうとつ

商人 — しょうにん

承認 — しょうにん