JLPT N3 vocabulary — batch 3

This is one of 22 reviewable batches that make up the knowledge base's N3 vocabulary study set. The JLPT publishes no official vocabulary list; the set follows the ordering and headwords of the Tanos N3 vocabulary list and is a community study target, not an official coverage guarantee.

Lexical facts (headword forms, readings, parts of speech, meanings, transitivity, usage labels, alternative forms) are backed by JMdict via the jmdict-simplified JSON distribution; the N3 classification itself comes from the community list. The study list's own glosses are used only as the membership record — every learner-facing meaning here is the dictionary meaning.

Furigana segmentation comes from JmdictFurigana; corpus example sentences come from the Tanaka corpus via Tatoeba as distributed with JMdict (each carries its Tatoeba sentence id); the everyday-frequency indicator comes from TUBELEX Japanese subtitle frequency data. Frequency describes how common a written form is in contemporary everyday speech — it is not a prediction about the JLPT.

Study set (batch 3)

Word	Reading	Meaning	Notes
老い	おい	old age; ageing; aging
追い付く	おいつく	to catch up (with); to draw level; to pull even
王	おう	king; ruler; sovereign
負う	おう	to carry on one's back; to bear; to shoulder
追う	おう	to chase; to run after; to pursue
応援	おうえん	aid; assistance; help
王様	おうさま	king
王子	おうじ	prince
応じる	おうじる	to respond; to satisfy; to accept
横断	おうだん	crossing (a road, river, etc.); cutting through (e.g. of a river through a …
終える	おえる	to finish; to get through with; to complete
大いに	おおいに	very; very much; greatly
覆う	おおう	to cover; to hide; to conceal
大家	おおや	landlord; landlady
丘	おか	hill; height; knoll
沖	おき	open sea
奥	おく	inner part; interior; back (of a drawer, one's throat, etc.)
贈る	おくる	to give (as a gift); to present
遅れ	おくれ	delay; lag; falling behind
起こる	おこる	to occur; to happen
押える	おさえる	to pin down; to hold down; to press down
幼い	おさない	very young; little
収める	おさめる	to put (into); to put away (in); to put back (in)
治める	おさめる	to rule; to govern; to reign over
納める	おさめる	to put (into); to put away (in); to put back (in)
教え	おしえ	teaching; instruction; teachings
お喋り	おしゃべり	chattering; talk; idle talk
お洒落	おしゃれ	stylish; fashionable; trendy
お辞儀	おじぎ	bow; bowing
汚染	おせん	pollution; contamination
恐らく	おそらく	probably; likely; in all likelihood
恐れる	おそれる	to fear; to be afraid of
恐ろしい	おそろしい	terrible; dreadful; terrifying
教わる	おそわる	to be taught; to learn; to take lessons in
お互い	おたがい	each other; one another
穏やか	おだやか	calm; quiet; gentle
男の人	おとこのひと	man
大人しい	おとなしい	gentle; quiet; mild
劣る	おとる	to be inferior to; to be less good at; to fall behind
驚き	おどろき	surprise; astonishment; wonder
鬼	おに	ogre; demon; oni
お昼	おひる	lunch
帯	おび	obi (kimono sash)
溺れる	おぼれる	to struggle in the water; to sink below the surface and become unable to …
お前	おまえ	you
おめでとう	おめでとう	congratulations!; well done!; best wishes!	Kana-only headword.
お目に掛かる	おめにかかる	to meet (someone of higher status)
思い付く	おもいつく	to think of; to hit upon; to come into one's mind
思い出	おもいで	memories; recollections; reminiscence
主に	おもに	mainly; primarily; mostly
思わず	おもわず	unconsciously; involuntarily; instinctively
泳ぎ	およぎ	swimming
およそ	およそ	about; roughly; approximately	Kana-only headword.
及ぼす	およぼす	to exert (influence); to exercise; to cause (e.g. damage)
織る	おる	to weave
下す	おろす	to take down; to bring down; to lower (a hand, flag, shutter, etc.)
卸す	おろす	to sell wholesale
降ろす	おろす	to take down; to bring down; to lower (a hand, flag, shutter, etc.)
恩	おん	favour; favor; obligation
音	おん	sound; noise
温暖	おんだん	warm; mild; temperate
温度	おんど	temperature
可	か	acceptable; satisfactory; allowed
蚊	か	mosquito
課	か	section (in an organization); division; department
貝	かい	shellfish
会員	かいいん	member; the membership
絵画	かいが	painting; picture
海外	かいがい	foreign; abroad; overseas
会計	かいけい	accounting; finance; account
解決	かいけつ	settlement; solution; resolution
会合	かいごう	meeting; assembly; gathering
開始	かいし	start; commencement; beginning
解釈	かいしゃく	interpretation; explanation; reading
改善	かいぜん	betterment; improvement
快適	かいてき	pleasant; agreeable; comfortable
回復	かいふく	restoration; recovery; rehabilitation
飼う	かう	to keep (a pet or other animal); to have; to own
帰す	かえす	to send (someone) back; to send (someone) home
代える	かえる	to exchange; to interchange; to renew
反る	かえる	to return; to come back; to go back
換える	かえる	to exchange; to interchange; to renew
替える	かえる	to exchange; to interchange; to renew
香り	かおり	aroma; fragrance; scent
抱える	かかえる	to hold in one's arms; to carry in one's arms; to carry under one's arm
価格	かかく	price; value; cost
係	かかり	charge; duty; person in charge
罹る	かかる	to contract (a disease); to suffer from
化学	かがく	chemistry
輝く	かがやく	to shine; to sparkle; to twinkle
限る	かぎる	to restrict; to limit; to confine
掻く	かく	to scratch
描く	かく	to draw; to paint; to sketch
核	かく	core (of an organization, team, etc.); nucleus; heart
格	かく	status; position; rank
欠く	かく	to chip; to nick; to break
角	かく	angle
覚悟	かくご	readiness; preparedness
確実	かくじつ	certain; sure; definite
隠す	かくす	to hide; to conceal

Detailed entries

老い — おい

attributive noun (の); noun · common word

• Meanings: old age; ageing; aging
• Also: old person
• Furigana: 老(お)い
• Kanji: 老い
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): moderately frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 22,130 of ~351k · 167 occurrences across 120 videos
• Related: 老人 (ろうじん, old person)
• Corpus example: 少年老い易く学成り難し。 — Art is long, time is fleeting. (Tatoeba 146487)
• Source: JMdict 1643510 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

追い付く — おいつく

godan verb (く); intransitive · common word

• Meanings: to catch up (with); to draw level; to pull even; to reach
• Also: to be compensated
• Furigana: 追(お)い付(つ)く
• Kanji: 追い付く, 追いつく; rare/historical: 追い着く, 追付く, 追着く
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 3,859 of ~351k · 2,477 occurrences across 1,805 videos
• Related: 追う (おう, to chase)
• Source: JMdict 1588810 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

王 — おう

noun; noun suffix · common word

• Meanings: king; ruler; sovereign; monarch
• Also: tycoon; king (of the senior player) (abbreviation)
• Furigana: 王(おう)
• Kanji: 王 (N3)
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 1,318 of ~351k · 9,115 occurrences across 3,002 videos — frequency is for the written form; TUBELEX aggregates its readings
• Related: 王様 (おうさま, king) · 王子 (おうじ, prince) · 女王 (じょおう, queen)
• Corpus example: 彼らは王の殺害をたくらんでいる。 — They are plotting to kill the king. (Tatoeba 97499)
• Source: JMdict 1629200 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

負う — おう

godan verb (う); transitive · common word

• Meanings: to carry on one's back; to bear; to shoulder
• Also: to take (responsibility); to suffer (an injury); to owe (a debt of gratitude to)
• Furigana: 負(お)う
• Kanji: 負う
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 4,528 of ~351k · 1,985 occurrences across 1,541 videos
• Related: 負け (まけ, defeat)
• Source: JMdict 1497930 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

追う — おう

godan verb (う); transitive · common word

• Meanings: to chase; to run after; to pursue; to follow after
• Also: to follow (a set order, a trend, etc.); to drive out; to drive (e.g. a herd)
• Furigana: 追(お)う
• Kanji: 追う; rare/historical: 逐う
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 1,735 of ~351k · 6,711 occurrences across 4,377 videos
• Related: 追い付く (おいつく, to catch up (with))
• Corpus example: その警官は泥棒を追っていた。 — The policeman was after the thief. (Tatoeba 211194)
• Source: JMdict 1432410 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

応援 — おうえん

noun; suru verb (する); transitive · common word

• Meanings: aid; assistance; help; support; reinforcement
• Also: cheering
• Furigana: 応(おう)援(えん)
• Kanji: 応援
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 1,068 of ~351k · 11,199 occurrences across 6,557 videos
• Related: 応じる (おうじる, to respond)
• Corpus example: 何事が起ころうとも、君を応援するよ。 — I will stand by you whatever happens. (Tatoeba 187498)
• Source: JMdict 1179840 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

王様 — おうさま

noun · honorific · common word

• Meanings: king
• Furigana: 王(おう)様(さま)
• Kanji: 王様; rare/historical: 王さま
• Related: 王 (おう, king) · 王子 (おうじ, prince) · 女王 (じょおう, queen)
• Source: JMdict 1181700 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

王子 — おうじ

noun · common word

• Meanings: prince
• Also: subordinate Kumano shrine
• Furigana: 王(おう)子(じ)
• Kanji: 王子
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 9,661 of ~351k · 655 occurrences across 305 videos
• Related: 王 (おう, king) · 王様 (おうさま, king) · 女王 (じょおう, queen)
• Source: JMdict 1181500 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

応じる — おうじる

ichidan verb (る-verb); intransitive · common word

• Meanings: to respond; to satisfy; to accept; to comply with; to apply for
• Furigana: 応(おう)じる
• Kanji: 応じる
• Related: 応援 (おうえん, aid)
• Source: JMdict 1179830 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

横断 — おうだん

noun; suru verb (する); intransitive · common word

• Meanings: crossing (a road, river, etc.); cutting through (e.g. of a river through a town); cutting across; intersecting (e.g. a railway track)
• Also: crossing (east-west); cutting horizontally
• Furigana: 横(おう)断(だん)
• Kanji: 横断
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 7,275 of ~351k · 999 occurrences across 634 videos
• Related: 横切る (よこぎる, to cross (e.g. road))
• Source: JMdict 1180900 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

終える — おえる

ichidan verb (る-verb); transitive · common word

• Meanings: to finish; to get through with; to complete; to bring (something) to an end
• Also: to graduate; to come to an end (rare); to finish doing ...
• Furigana: 終(お)える
• Kanji: 終える; rare/historical: 了える, 卒える
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 2,270 of ~351k · 4,911 occurrences across 3,709 videos
• Related: 最終 (さいしゅう, last)
• Corpus example: その仕事をもう終えましたか。 — Are you through with the work? (Tatoeba 210334)
• Source: JMdict 1332760 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

大いに — おおいに

adverb · common word

• Meanings: very; very much; greatly; considerably; highly
• Furigana: 大(おお)いに
• Kanji: 大いに; rare/historical: 多いに
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 5,408 of ~351k · 1,529 occurrences across 1,224 videos
• Related: 偉大 (いだい, great) · 大家 (おおや, landlord) · 大人しい (おとなしい, gentle) · 拡大 (かくだい, magnification) · 巨大 (きょだい, huge)
• Corpus example: 私は彼を大いに尊敬しています。 — I have a great regard for him. (Tatoeba 153581)
• Source: JMdict 1412880 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

覆う — おおう

godan verb (う); transitive · common word

• Meanings: to cover; to hide; to conceal; to wrap; to disguise
• Furigana: 覆(おお)う
• Kanji: 覆う; rare/historical: 被う, 蔽う, 蓋う, 掩う
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 3,668 of ~351k · 2,634 occurrences across 2,106 videos
• Source: JMdict 1588840 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

大家 — おおや

noun · common word

• Meanings: landlord; landlady
• Furigana: 大(おお)家(や)
• Kanji: 大家, 大屋
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 9,178 of ~351k · 707 occurrences across 400 videos — frequency is for the written form; TUBELEX aggregates its readings
• Related: 偉大 (いだい, great) · 大いに (おおいに, very) · 大人しい (おとなしい, gentle) · 拡大 (かくだい, magnification) · 巨大 (きょだい, huge)
• Corpus example: その大家は以前は暮らし向きがよかったそうだ。 — They say the landlord used to be well off. (Tatoeba 208254)
• Source: JMdict 1413140 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

丘 — おか

noun · usually kana · common word

• Meanings: hill; height; knoll; rising ground
• Also: bonus points awarded to the winner at the end of a game (usually kana)
• Furigana: 丘(おか)
• Kanji: 丘; rare/historical: 岡, 壟, 陸符
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 4,560 of ~351k · 1,962 occurrences across 1,118 videos — frequency is for the written form; TUBELEX aggregates its readings
• Related: 丘陵 (きゅうりょう, hill)
• Corpus example: その丘は見晴らしがよい。 — The hill commands a fine view. (Tatoeba 211452)
• Source: JMdict 1588920 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

沖 — おき

noun · abbreviation · common word

• Meanings: open sea
• Also: Okinawa (abbreviation)
• Furigana: 沖(おき)
• Kanji: 沖; rare/historical: 澳
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 3,928 of ~351k · 2,425 occurrences across 780 videos
• Source: JMdict 1182500 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

奥 — おく

noun · common word

• Meanings: inner part; interior; back (of a drawer, one's throat, etc.); depths (e.g. of a forest); recesses (e.g. of a cave)
• Also: living quarters (at the back of a house); recesses (of one's mind); wife (of a person of high status) (dated)
• Furigana: 奥(おく)
• Kanji: 奥; rare/historical: 奧
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 727 of ~351k · 16,415 occurrences across 8,076 videos
• Source: JMdict 1179320 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

贈る — おくる

godan verb (る); transitive · common word

• Meanings: to give (as a gift); to present
• Also: to confer
• Furigana: 贈(おく)る
• Kanji: 贈る
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 7,497 of ~351k · 957 occurrences across 750 videos
• Source: JMdict 1403550 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

遅れ — おくれ

noun · common word

• Meanings: delay; lag; falling behind
• Also: falling behind in
• Furigana: 遅(おく)れ
• Kanji: 遅れ; rare/historical: 後れ
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 5,869 of ~351k · 1,363 occurrences across 1,006 videos
• Related: 遅刻 (ちこく, lateness)
• Source: JMdict 1422020 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

起こる — おこる

godan verb (る); intransitive · common word

• Meanings: to occur; to happen
• Furigana: 起(お)こる
• Kanji: 起こる; rare/historical: 起る
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 658 of ~351k · 18,150 occurrences across 8,989 videos
• Related: 起源 (きげん, origin)
• Corpus example: あとで起こったことはなお悪かった。 — What followed was still worse. (Tatoeba 234309)
• Source: JMdict 1223680 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

押える — おさえる

ichidan verb (る-verb); transitive · common word

• Meanings: to pin down; to hold down; to press down; to hold in place; to hold steady
• Also: to cover (esp. a part of one's body with one's hand); to get a hold of; to grasp (a point)
• Furigana: 押(おさ)える
• Kanji: 押える, 押さえる; rare/historical: 圧さえる
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 975 of ~351k · 12,230 occurrences across 7,331 videos
• Corpus example: このはしごをしっかり押さえてくれ。 — Hold this ladder steady. (Tatoeba 223372)
• Source: JMdict 1589080 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

幼い — おさない

い-adjective · common word

• Meanings: very young; little
• Also: childish
• Furigana: 幼(おさな)い
• Kanji: 幼い
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 5,503 of ~351k · 1,491 occurrences across 1,151 videos — frequency is for the written form; TUBELEX aggregates its readings
• Corpus example: その幼い少年は父親の両肩の上に乗っていた。 — The little boy sat on his father's shoulders. (Tatoeba 206270)
• Source: JMdict 1545110 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

収める — おさめる

ichidan verb (る-verb); transitive · common word

• Meanings: to put (into); to put away (in); to put back (in); to keep (in); to store (in)
• Also: to include (in an anthology, catalogue, etc.); to achieve (results, success, etc.); to pay (fees, taxes, etc.)
• Furigana: 収(おさ)める
• Kanji: 収める, 納める
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 2,885 of ~351k · 3,610 occurrences across 2,613 videos
• Related: 吸収 (きゅうしゅう, absorption) · 収穫 (しゅうかく, harvest) · 収入 (しゅうにゅう, income)
• Source: JMdict 1589090 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

治める — おさめる

ichidan verb (る-verb); transitive · common word

• Meanings: to rule; to govern; to reign over; to administer; to manage (e.g. a household)
• Also: to subdue
• Furigana: 治(おさ)める
• Kanji: 治める
• Related: 治療 (ちりょう, treatment)
• Corpus example: 王は自分の王国を公正に治めた。 — The king ruled his kingdom justly. (Tatoeba 188494)
• Source: JMdict 1316830 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

納める — おさめる

ichidan verb (る-verb); transitive · common word

• Meanings: to put (into); to put away (in); to put back (in); to keep (in); to store (in)
• Also: to include (in an anthology, catalogue, etc.); to achieve (results, success, etc.); to pay (fees, taxes, etc.)
• Furigana: 納(おさ)める
• Kanji: 納める, 収める
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 2,885 of ~351k · 3,610 occurrences across 2,613 videos
• Related: 吸収 (きゅうしゅう, absorption) · 収穫 (しゅうかく, harvest) · 収入 (しゅうにゅう, income)
• Source: JMdict 1589090 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

教え — おしえ

noun · common word

• Meanings: teaching; instruction; teachings; precept; lesson
• Furigana: 教(おし)え
• Kanji: 教え; rare/historical: 訓え
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 3,790 of ~351k · 2,531 occurrences across 1,054 videos
• Related: 教わる (おそわる, to be taught) · 教科書 (きょうかしょ, textbook) · 教授 (きょうじゅ, teaching) · 宗教 (しゅうきょう, religion)
• Source: JMdict 1236890 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

お喋り — おしゃべり

noun; suru verb (する); transitive · usually kana · common word

• Meanings: chattering; talk; idle talk; chat; chitchat
• Also: chatty (usually kana)
• Furigana: お喋(しゃべ)り
• Kanji: お喋り; rare/historical: 御喋り
• Corpus example: 彼らは天気についておしゃべりした。 — They chatted about the weather. (Tatoeba 96491)
• Source: JMdict 1002450 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

お洒落 — おしゃれ

な-adjective · usually kana · common word

• Meanings: stylish; fashionable; trendy; chic; smartly dressed
• Also: dressing (oneself) up (usually kana); fashionable dresser (usually kana)
• Furigana: お洒落(しゃれ)
• Kanji: お洒落; rare/historical: 御洒落
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 1,711 of ~351k · 6,793 occurrences across 3,784 videos — frequency is for the written form; TUBELEX aggregates its readings
• Corpus example: 彼女はオシャレだ。 — She's fashionable. (Tatoeba 93128)
• Source: JMdict 1002770 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

お辞儀 — おじぎ

noun; suru verb (する); intransitive · polite · common word

• Meanings: bow; bowing
• Furigana: お辞(じ)儀(ぎ)
• Kanji: お辞儀; rare/historical: 御辞儀
• Related: 辞退 (じたい, declining) · 辞める (やめる, to resign)
• Corpus example: どの子も先生にお辞儀した。 — Every child bowed to the teacher. (Tatoeba 200316)
• Source: JMdict 1002030 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

汚染 — おせん

noun; suru verb (する); transitive; intransitive · common word

• Meanings: pollution; contamination
• Furigana: 汚(お)染(せん)
• Kanji: 汚染
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 5,508 of ~351k · 1,490 occurrences across 630 videos
• Related: 汚す (よごす, to pollute)
• Corpus example: 汚染が地球を傷つけている。 — Pollution is damaging our earth. (Tatoeba 188566)
• Source: JMdict 1179040 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

恐らく — おそらく

adverb · usually kana · common word

• Meanings: probably; likely; in all likelihood; I suspect; I dare say
• Furigana: 恐(おそ)らく
• Kanji: 恐らく
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 791 of ~351k · 14,950 occurrences across 8,519 videos
• Related: 恐れる (おそれる, to fear) · 恐ろしい (おそろしい, terrible) · 恐怖 (きょうふ, fear)
• Corpus example: 首相はおそらく辞任するであろう。 — The premier is likely to resign. (Tatoeba 148414)
• Notes: The study list's gloss for this entry was a loose paraphrase; the dictionary meanings above are authoritative.
• Source: JMdict 1236650 · mapping: accepted-gloss-disagreement · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

恐れる — おそれる

ichidan verb (る-verb); transitive · common word

• Meanings: to fear; to be afraid of
• Furigana: 恐(おそ)れる
• Kanji: 恐れる; rare/historical: 怖れる, 畏れる, 懼れる, 惧れる
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 2,840 of ~351k · 3,676 occurrences across 2,346 videos
• Related: 恐らく (おそらく, probably) · 恐ろしい (おそろしい, terrible) · 恐怖 (きょうふ, fear)
• Corpus example: 大人はしばしば変化を恐れる。 — Older people often fear change. (Tatoeba 137475)
• Source: JMdict 1589200 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

恐ろしい — おそろしい

い-adjective · common word

• Meanings: terrible; dreadful; terrifying; frightening
• Also: surprising
• Furigana: 恐(おそ)ろしい
• Kanji: 恐ろしい; rare/historical: 怖ろしい, 畏ろしい
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 2,301 of ~351k · 4,810 occurrences across 2,648 videos
• Related: 恐らく (おそらく, probably) · 恐れる (おそれる, to fear) · 恐怖 (きょうふ, fear)
• Corpus example: その嵐の天候は恐ろしかった。 — The stormy weather was dreadful. (Tatoeba 206253)
• Source: JMdict 1236690 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

教わる — おそわる

godan verb (る); transitive · common word

• Meanings: to be taught; to learn; to take lessons in
• Furigana: 教(おそ)わる
• Kanji: 教わる
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 6,624 of ~351k · 1,150 occurrences across 896 videos
• Related: 教え (おしえ, teaching) · 教科書 (きょうかしょ, textbook) · 教授 (きょうじゅ, teaching) · 宗教 (しゅうきょう, religion)
• Corpus example: あなたが教わった事は間違っている。 — What you were taught is wrong. (Tatoeba 234102)
• Source: JMdict 1236940 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

お互い — おたがい

noun; attributive noun (の); adverb · polite

• Meanings: each other; one another
• Furigana: お互(たが)い
• Kanji: お互い; rare/historical: 御互い
• Related: 互い (たがい, each other)
• Corpus example: お互い相性がいい。 — The chemistry is right for us. (Tatoeba 227161)
• Source: JMdict 1979930 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

穏やか — おだやか

な-adjective · common word

• Meanings: calm; quiet; gentle; peaceful; mild
• Also: moderate
• Furigana: 穏(おだ)やか
• Kanji: 穏やか
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 4,079 of ~351k · 2,298 occurrences across 1,637 videos
• Corpus example: 海は穏やかに、そしてなめらかに見える。 — The sea looks calm and smooth. (Tatoeba 185097)
• Source: JMdict 1183590 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

男の人 — おとこのひと

expression; noun · common word

• Meanings: man
• Furigana: 男(おとこ)の人(ひと)
• Kanji: 男の人
• Related: 男子 (だんし, man)
• Corpus example: 若い男の人がドアの前で歌っています。 — A young man is singing in front of the door. (Tatoeba 148779)
• Source: JMdict 1420020 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

大人しい — おとなしい

い-adjective · usually kana · common word

• Meanings: gentle; quiet; mild; meek; obedient
• Also: quiet (color, pattern, etc.) (usually kana)
• Furigana: 大人(おとな)しい
• Kanji: 大人しい; rare/historical: 温和しい, 温柔しい
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 5,229 of ~351k · 1,618 occurrences across 1,254 videos
• Related: 偉大 (いだい, great) · 大いに (おおいに, very) · 大家 (おおや, landlord) · 拡大 (かくだい, magnification) · 巨大 (きょだい, huge)
• Corpus example: 牛は大きくて、おとなしく見えました。 — The cows looked big and docile. (Tatoeba 182311)
• Source: JMdict 1414190 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

劣る — おとる

godan verb (る); intransitive · common word

• Meanings: to be inferior to; to be less good at; to fall behind
• Furigana: 劣(おと)る
• Kanji: 劣る
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 6,936 of ~351k · 1,075 occurrences across 912 videos
• Corpus example: 彼女は、彼より、数学において劣っている。 — She is inferior to him in math. (Tatoeba 93694)
• Source: JMdict 1558400 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

驚き — おどろき

noun · common word

• Meanings: surprise; astonishment; wonder; amazement
• Furigana: 驚(おどろ)き
• Kanji: 驚き
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 4,340 of ~351k · 2,112 occurrences across 1,698 videos — frequency is for the written form; TUBELEX aggregates its readings
• Corpus example: 彼が失敗したのは少しも驚きではない。 — It is no wonder that he failed. (Tatoeba 120197)
• Source: JMdict 1238660 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

鬼 — おに

noun · common word

• Meanings: ogre; demon; oni
• Also: spirit of a deceased person; ogre-like person (i.e. fierce, relentless, merciless, etc.); it (in a game of tag, hide-and-seek, etc.)
• Furigana: 鬼(おに)
• Kanji: 鬼
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 2,284 of ~351k · 4,862 occurrences across 1,986 videos — frequency is for the written form; TUBELEX aggregates its readings
• Source: JMdict 1224190 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

お昼 — おひる

noun · polite · common word

• Meanings: lunch
• Also: noon (polite); daytime (polite); waking up (honorific)
• Furigana: お昼(ひる)
• Kanji: お昼; rare/historical: 御昼
• Related: 昼食 (ちゅうしょく, lunch)
• Corpus example: お昼をおごってくれたのを覚えてますか。 — Do you remember buying me lunch? (Tatoeba 226821)
• Source: JMdict 1660100 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

帯 — おび

noun · common word

• Meanings: obi (kimono sash)
• Also: obi (strip of paper looped around a book, CD, etc. containing information about the product); band; cingulum
• Furigana: 帯(おび)
• Kanji: 帯; rare/historical: 帶
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 1,770 of ~351k · 6,572 occurrences across 3,658 videos — frequency is for the written form; TUBELEX aggregates its readings
• Related: 一帯 (いったい, whole area) · 携帯 (けいたい, carrying (on one's person or in the hand)) · 熱帯 (ねったい, tropics)
• Corpus example: 彼女の着物と帯の取り合わせはおつだね。 — Her kimono and obi combination is smart, isn't it? (Tatoeba 75758)
• Source: JMdict 1410410 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

溺れる — おぼれる

ichidan verb (る-verb); intransitive · common word

• Meanings: to struggle in the water; to sink below the surface and become unable to breathe; to (nearly) drown
• Also: to indulge in
• Furigana: 溺(おぼ)れる
• Kanji: 溺れる
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 9,528 of ~351k · 669 occurrences across 483 videos
• Corpus example: あなたが助けてくれなかったら私はおぼれていたことでしょう。 — If it had not been for your help, I should have drowned. (Tatoeba 234006)
• Source: JMdict 1437560 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

お前 — おまえ

pronoun · familiar · male speech · common word

• Meanings: you
• Also: before (a god, nobleman, etc.)
• Furigana: お前(まえ)
• Kanji: お前; rare/historical: 御前
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 338 of ~351k · 37,814 occurrences across 9,092 videos — frequency is for the written form; TUBELEX aggregates its readings
• Related: 当たり前 (あたりまえ, natural) · 以前 (いぜん, the past) · 前者 (ぜんしゃ, the former) · 前進 (ぜんしん, advance) · 前もって (まえもって, in advance)
• Corpus example: お前を娘の夫にしよう。 — You shall be my daughter's husband. (Tatoeba 226919)
• Source: JMdict 1002290 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

おめでとう

interjection · usually kana · common word

• Meanings: congratulations!; well done!; best wishes!; all the best!
• Kanji: usually written in kana; rare/historical: 御目出度う, 御芽出度う, お目出度う, お芽出度う
• Corpus example: 誕生日おめでとうございます。 — Many happy returns of the day! (Tatoeba 127350)
• Notes: Kana-only headword. This reading has other homographs in the dictionary; the entry above is the sense matching the study list.
• Source: JMdict 1270700 · mapping: accepted · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

お目に掛かる — おめにかかる

expression; godan verb (る) · humble · archaic

• Meanings: to meet (someone of higher status)
• Also: to be recognized (esp. by someone of higher status) (archaic)
• Furigana: お目(め)に掛(か)かる
• Kanji: お目に掛かる; rare/historical: お目にかかる, 御目にかかる, 御目に掛かる
• Related: 科目 (かもく, subject) · 注目 (ちゅうもく, notice) · 目上 (めうえ, superior) · 目的 (もくてき, purpose) · 目標 (もくひょう, goal)
• Corpus example: 家内もお目にかかることを楽しみにしておりますから。 — My wife will be glad to see you, too. (Tatoeba 186895)
• Source: JMdict 1535140 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

思い付く — おもいつく

godan verb (く); transitive; intransitive · common word

• Meanings: to think of; to hit upon; to come into one's mind; to be struck with an idea
• Also: to remember
• Furigana: 思(おも)い付(つ)く
• Kanji: 思い付く; rare/historical: 思いつく
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 3,703 of ~351k · 2,602 occurrences across 2,061 videos
• Related: 意思 (いし, intention) · 思い出 (おもいで, memories) · 思わず (おもわず, unconsciously) · 思想 (しそう, thought) · 不思議 (ふしぎ, wonderful)
• Corpus example: いい考えを思いついた。 — A good idea came into my mind. (Tatoeba 229361)
• Source: JMdict 1589330 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

思い出 — おもいで

noun · common word

• Meanings: memories; recollections; reminiscence
• Furigana: 思(おも)い出(で)
• Kanji: 思い出; rare/historical: 想い出, 思いで, 想いで, 思出
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 2,349 of ~351k · 4,665 occurrences across 2,990 videos
• Related: 意思 (いし, intention) · 思い付く (おもいつく, to think of) · 思わず (おもわず, unconsciously) · 思想 (しそう, thought) · 不思議 (ふしぎ, wonderful)
• Corpus example: 貴重な思い出料としては安いものですよ。 — That'll make for a memorable time. (Tatoeba 183034)
• Source: JMdict 1589340 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

主に — おもに

adverb · common word

• Meanings: mainly; primarily; mostly; largely; chiefly
• Furigana: 主(おも)に
• Kanji: 主に
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 2,254 of ~351k · 4,959 occurrences across 3,839 videos
• Related: 主義 (しゅぎ, doctrine) · 主張 (しゅちょう, claim) · 主婦 (しゅふ, housewife) · 主要 (しゅよう, chief)
• Corpus example: 彼の病気は主に精神的な物だった。 — His illness was mainly psychological. (Tatoeba 116278)
• Source: JMdict 1324990 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

思わず — おもわず

adverb · common word

• Meanings: unconsciously; involuntarily; instinctively; reflexively; spontaneously
• Furigana: 思(おも)わず
• Kanji: 思わず
• Related: 意思 (いし, intention) · 思い付く (おもいつく, to think of) · 思い出 (おもいで, memories) · 思想 (しそう, thought) · 不思議 (ふしぎ, wonderful)
• Corpus example: 彼は思わず笑った。 — He laughed in spite of himself. (Tatoeba 106493)
• Notes: The study list's gloss for this entry was a loose paraphrase; the dictionary meanings above are authoritative.
• Source: JMdict 1309460 · mapping: accepted-gloss-disagreement · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

泳ぎ — およぎ

noun · common word

• Meanings: swimming
• Furigana: 泳(およ)ぎ
• Kanji: 泳ぎ; rare/historical: 游ぎ
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): moderately frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 25,073 of ~351k · 133 occurrences across 101 videos
• Source: JMdict 1613570 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

およそ

adverb · usually kana · common word

• Meanings: about; roughly; approximately
• Also: generally (usually kana); completely (usually kana); outline (usually kana)
• Kanji: 凡そ
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 3,669 of ~351k · 2,634 occurrences across 1,838 videos — frequency is for the written form; TUBELEX aggregates its readings
• Corpus example: およそどれくらいの価値がありますか。 — What's their approximate worth? (Tatoeba 227476)
• Notes: Kana-only headword.
• Source: JMdict 1523450 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

及ぼす — およぼす

godan verb (す); transitive · common word

• Meanings: to exert (influence); to exercise; to cause (e.g. damage); to do (e.g. harm); to bring about (e.g. benefits)
• Furigana: 及(およ)ぼす
• Kanji: 及ぼす
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 6,456 of ~351k · 1,193 occurrences across 929 videos
• Corpus example: あなたに被害を及ぼそうなどとは夢にも思いませんでした。 — Little did I dream of doing you any harm. (Tatoeba 233662)
• Source: JMdict 1228180 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

織る — おる

godan verb (る); transitive · common word

• Meanings: to weave
• Furigana: 織(お)る
• Kanji: 織る
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): moderately frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 19,108 of ~351k · 218 occurrences across 113 videos
• Related: 組織 (そしき, organization)
• Source: JMdict 1357420 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

下す — おろす

godan verb (す); transitive · common word

• Meanings: to take down; to bring down; to lower (a hand, flag, shutter, etc.); to drop (an anchor, curtain, etc.); to let down (hair)
• Also: to drop off (a passenger); to withdraw (money); to use for the first time
• Furigana: 下(おろ)す
• Kanji: 下す, 下ろす, 降ろす
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 2,216 of ~351k · 5,080 occurrences across 2,651 videos
• Related: 下り (くだり, down-train) · 下る (くだる, to descend) · 下 (げ, lowness (of degree, value, etc.)) · 地下 (ちか, underground)
• Source: JMdict 1589580 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

卸す — おろす

godan verb (す); transitive · common word

• Meanings: to sell wholesale
• Also: to grate (e.g. vegetables); to cut up fish
• Furigana: 卸(おろ)す
• Kanji: 卸す
• Corpus example: そうは問屋がおろさないぞ。 — You won't get it so easily. (Tatoeba 213815)
• Source: JMdict 1183050 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

降ろす — おろす

godan verb (す); transitive · common word

• Meanings: to take down; to bring down; to lower (a hand, flag, shutter, etc.); to drop (an anchor, curtain, etc.); to let down (hair)
• Also: to drop off (a passenger); to withdraw (money); to use for the first time
• Furigana: 降(お)ろす
• Kanji: 降ろす, 下ろす; rare/historical: 下す
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 2,216 of ~351k · 5,080 occurrences across 2,651 videos
• Related: 下り (くだり, down-train) · 下る (くだる, to descend) · 下 (げ, lowness (of degree, value, etc.)) · 地下 (ちか, underground)
• Source: JMdict 1589580 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

恩 — おん

noun · common word

• Meanings: favour; favor; obligation; debt of gratitude
• Also: kindness
• Furigana: 恩(おん)
• Kanji: 恩
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 6,745 of ~351k · 1,121 occurrences across 581 videos
• Source: JMdict 1183090 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

音 — おん

noun; noun suffix · common word

• Meanings: sound; noise
• Also: sound; Chinese-derived reading of a kanji
• Furigana: 音(おん)
• Kanji: 音
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 257 of ~351k · 50,173 occurrences across 14,658 videos — frequency is for the written form; TUBELEX aggregates its readings
• Related: 騒音 (そうおん, noise) · 物音 (ものおと, noise)
• Source: JMdict 2859161 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

温暖 — おんだん

な-adjective; noun · common word

• Meanings: warm; mild; temperate
• Furigana: 温(おん)暖(だん)
• Kanji: 温暖
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 8,586 of ~351k · 781 occurrences across 402 videos
• Related: 温かい (あたたかい, warm) · 温まる (あたたまる, to warm oneself) · 温める (あたためる, to warm (up)) · 温度 (おんど, temperature) · 気温 (きおん, temperature)
• Notes: The study list's gloss for this entry was a loose paraphrase; the dictionary meanings above are authoritative.
• Source: JMdict 1183480 · mapping: accepted-gloss-disagreement · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

温度 — おんど

noun · common word

• Meanings: temperature
• Furigana: 温(おん)度(ど)
• Kanji: 温度
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 1,542 of ~351k · 7,587 occurrences across 3,055 videos
• Related: 温かい (あたたかい, warm) · 温まる (あたたまる, to warm oneself) · 温める (あたためる, to warm (up)) · 温暖 (おんだん, warm) · 気温 (きおん, temperature)
• Corpus example: 物質は温度によって形を変える。 — Matter changes its form according to temperature. (Tatoeba 83744)
• Source: JMdict 1183510 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

可 — か

noun; noun suffix · common word

• Meanings: acceptable; satisfactory; allowed; permitted
• Also: approval; Pass (grade)
• Furigana: 可(か)
• Kanji: 可
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 7,824 of ~351k · 897 occurrences across 672 videos
• Related: 可能 (かのう, possible) · 可愛そう (かわいそう, poor) · 可愛らしい (かわいらしい, lovely) · 許可 (きょか, permission) · 不可 (ふか, wrong)
• Corpus example: この試験は辞書持ち込み可です。 — You can use a dictionary for this exam. (Tatoeba 221703)
• Notes: The study list's gloss for this entry was a loose paraphrase; the dictionary meanings above are authoritative.
• Source: JMdict 1190710 · mapping: accepted-gloss-disagreement · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

蚊 — か

noun · common word

• Meanings: mosquito
• Furigana: 蚊(か)
• Kanji: 蚊
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 1,204 of ~351k · 9,938 occurrences across 1,667 videos — frequency is for the written form; TUBELEX aggregates its readings
• Corpus example: 蚊にたくさん刺されました。 — I got a lot of mosquito bites. (Tatoeba 186459)
• Source: JMdict 1196540 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

課 — か

noun; noun suffix · common word

• Meanings: section (in an organization); division; department
• Also: lesson; counter for lessons and chapters (of a book)
• Furigana: 課(か)
• Kanji: 課
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 4,302 of ~351k · 2,145 occurrences across 1,004 videos
• Related: 課題 (かだい, subject) · 課程 (かてい, course)
• Corpus example: ウイリアムズ氏がその課を取り仕切っている。 — Mr Williams carries that section. (Tatoeba 228335)
• Source: JMdict 1195710 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

貝 — かい

noun · common word

• Meanings: shellfish
• Also: seashell
• Furigana: 貝(かい)
• Kanji: 貝; rare/historical: 介
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 6,226 of ~351k · 1,256 occurrences across 664 videos — frequency is for the written form; TUBELEX aggregates its readings
• Corpus example: 私が手にしてるのは貝の化石です。 — What I have in my hand is a fossil seashell. (Tatoeba 167691)
• Source: JMdict 1203100 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

会員 — かいいん

noun · common word

• Meanings: member; the membership
• Furigana: 会(かい)員(いん)
• Kanji: 会員
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 3,555 of ~351k · 2,734 occurrences across 1,363 videos
• Related: 会計 (かいけい, accounting) · 会合 (かいごう, meeting) · 議会 (ぎかい, congress) · 国会 (こっかい, National Diet) · 大会 (たいかい, mass meeting)
• Corpus example: 会員は５人に減った。 — The number of members decreased to five. (Tatoeba 185422)
• Source: JMdict 1198230 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

絵画 — かいが

noun · common word

• Meanings: painting; picture
• Furigana: 絵(かい)画(が)
• Kanji: 絵画
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 6,535 of ~351k · 1,172 occurrences across 650 videos
• Corpus example: その絵画を見たらおもしろかった。 — I found the picture interesting. (Tatoeba 211702)
• Source: JMdict 1202300 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

海外 — かいがい

noun; attributive noun (の) · common word

• Meanings: foreign; abroad; overseas
• Furigana: 海(かい)外(がい)
• Kanji: 海外
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 908 of ~351k · 13,166 occurrences across 6,490 videos
• Related: 航海 (こうかい, voyage)
• Corpus example: 君はどれくらいよく海外に行きますか。 — How often do you go abroad? (Tatoeba 177613)
• Source: JMdict 1201260 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

会計 — かいけい

noun; attributive noun (の); suru verb (する) · common word

• Meanings: accounting; finance; account; reckoning
• Also: bill (at a restaurant); accountant; settlement (of a bill, fee, etc.), payment
• Furigana: 会(かい)計(けい)
• Kanji: 会計
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 4,060 of ~351k · 2,311 occurrences across 984 videos
• Related: 会員 (かいいん, member) · 会合 (かいごう, meeting) · 議会 (ぎかい, congress) · 国会 (こっかい, National Diet) · 大会 (たいかい, mass meeting)
• Corpus example: 会計係は会計が不足しているのがわかった。 — The treasurer was short in his accounts. (Tatoeba 185326)
• Source: JMdict 1198430 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

解決 — かいけつ

noun; suru verb (する); transitive; intransitive · common word

• Meanings: settlement; solution; resolution
• Furigana: 解(かい)決(けつ)
• Kanji: 解決
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 1,069 of ~351k · 11,195 occurrences across 5,601 videos
• Related: 解釈 (かいしゃく, interpretation) · 見解 (けんかい, opinion) · 誤解 (ごかい, misunderstanding) · 解く (とく, to untie) · 解ける (とける, to come loose)
• Corpus example: その問題はまだ解決されていない。 — The problem is not settled yet. (Tatoeba 206454)
• Source: JMdict 1198960 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

会合 — かいごう

noun; suru verb (する); intransitive · common word

• Meanings: meeting; assembly; gathering
• Also: association; conjunction
• Furigana: 会(かい)合(ごう)
• Kanji: 会合
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 8,256 of ~351k · 827 occurrences across 480 videos
• Related: 会員 (かいいん, member) · 会計 (かいけい, accounting) · 議会 (ぎかい, congress) · 国会 (こっかい, National Diet) · 大会 (たいかい, mass meeting)
• Corpus example: これはとても大切な会合だ。 — This is a very important meeting. (Tatoeba 218560)
• Source: JMdict 1198530 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

開始 — かいし

noun; suru verb (する); transitive; intransitive · common word

• Meanings: start; commencement; beginning; initiation
• Furigana: 開(かい)始(し)
• Kanji: 開始
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 1,014 of ~351k · 11,683 occurrences across 7,025 videos
• Antonyms: 終了
• Source: JMdict 1202760 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

解釈 — かいしゃく

noun; suru verb (する); transitive · common word

• Meanings: interpretation; explanation; reading; construction
• Furigana: 解(かい)釈(しゃく)
• Kanji: 解釈
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 3,257 of ~351k · 3,078 occurrences across 1,677 videos
• Related: 解決 (かいけつ, settlement) · 見解 (けんかい, opinion) · 誤解 (ごかい, misunderstanding) · 解く (とく, to untie) · 解ける (とける, to come loose)
• Corpus example: それは２通りに解釈できる。 — That reads two different ways. (Tatoeba 205583)
• Source: JMdict 1199010 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

改善 — かいぜん

noun; suru verb (する); transitive; intransitive · usually kana · common word

• Meanings: betterment; improvement
• Also: kaizen (usually kana)
• Furigana: 改(かい)善(ぜん)
• Kanji: 改善
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 1,273 of ~351k · 9,409 occurrences across 4,801 videos
• Source: JMdict 1200960 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

快適 — かいてき

な-adjective; noun · common word

• Meanings: pleasant; agreeable; comfortable
• Furigana: 快(かい)適(てき)
• Kanji: 快適
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 2,295 of ~351k · 4,825 occurrences across 2,909 videos
• Related: 愉快 (ゆかい, pleasant)
• Source: JMdict 1200120 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

回復 — かいふく

noun; suru verb (する); transitive; intransitive · common word

• Meanings: restoration; recovery; rehabilitation; return; improvement
• Also: recovery (from an illness)
• Furigana: 回(かい)復(ふく)
• Kanji: 回復; rare/historical: 恢復, 快復
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 659 of ~351k · 18,009 occurrences across 5,200 videos
• Related: 今回 (こんかい, this time)
• Corpus example: 回復はほとんど不可能だった。 — Recovery was almost impossible. (Tatoeba 185180)
• Source: JMdict 1199720 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

飼う — かう

godan verb (う); transitive · common word

• Meanings: to keep (a pet or other animal); to have; to own; to raise; to rear
• Furigana: 飼(か)う
• Kanji: 飼う
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 4,054 of ~351k · 2,319 occurrences across 1,354 videos
• Corpus example: ナンシーは犬を飼いたがっていますか。 — Does Nancy want to have a dog? (Tatoeba 198980)
• Source: JMdict 1312970 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

帰す — かえす

godan verb (す); transitive · common word

• Meanings: to send (someone) back; to send (someone) home
• Furigana: 帰(かえ)す
• Kanji: 帰す; rare/historical: 還す
• Related: 帰宅 (きたく, returning home)
• Source: JMdict 1221240 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

代える — かえる

ichidan verb (る-verb); transitive · common word

• Meanings: to exchange; to interchange; to renew
• Also: to replace; to substitute (person, staff member, player, etc.)
• Furigana: 代(か)える
• Kanji: 代える, 替える, 換える
• Related: 両替 (りょうがえ, change)
• Corpus example: 銀行に行けばその５０ドルの小切手を現金に換えてくれる。 — The bank will cash your fifty dollar check. (Tatoeba 179585)
• Source: JMdict 1589780 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

反る — かえる

godan verb (る); intransitive · common word

• Meanings: to return; to come back; to go back
• Also: to turn over; to become extremely
• Furigana: 反(かえ)る
• Kanji: 反る, 返る
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 318 of ~351k · 40,859 occurrences across 16,036 videos
• Related: 繰り返す (くりかえす, to repeat)
• Corpus example: のろいはのろい主に返る。 — Curses, like chickens, come home to roost. (Tatoeba 198548)
• Notes: The study list's gloss for this entry was a loose paraphrase; the dictionary meanings above are authoritative.
• Source: JMdict 1512150 · mapping: accepted-gloss-disagreement · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

換える — かえる

ichidan verb (る-verb); transitive · common word

• Meanings: to exchange; to interchange; to renew
• Also: to replace; to substitute (person, staff member, player, etc.)
• Furigana: 換(か)える
• Kanji: 換える, 替える, 代える
• Related: 両替 (りょうがえ, change)
• Source: JMdict 1589780 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

替える — かえる

ichidan verb (る-verb); transitive · common word

• Meanings: to exchange; to interchange; to renew
• Also: to replace; to substitute (person, staff member, player, etc.)
• Furigana: 替(か)える
• Kanji: 替える, 換える, 代える
• Related: 両替 (りょうがえ, change)
• Source: JMdict 1589780 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

香り — かおり

noun · common word

• Meanings: aroma; fragrance; scent; smell
• Furigana: 香(かお)り
• Kanji: 香り; rare/historical: 薫り, 馨り, 香, 薫
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 1,291 of ~351k · 9,305 occurrences across 4,030 videos
• Corpus example: そのバラはよい香りを発散した。 — The roses gave off a nice smell. (Tatoeba 212720)
• Source: JMdict 1589820 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

抱える — かかえる

ichidan verb (る-verb); transitive · common word

• Meanings: to hold in one's arms; to carry in one's arms; to carry under one's arm; to hold (one's head) in one's hands
• Also: to have (problems, debts, etc.); to employ
• Furigana: 抱(かか)える
• Kanji: 抱える
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 2,196 of ~351k · 5,135 occurrences across 3,555 videos
• Related: 抱く (いだく, to hold in one's arms (e.g. a baby))
• Source: JMdict 1516310 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

価格 — かかく

noun · common word

• Meanings: price; value; cost
• Furigana: 価(か)格(かく)
• Kanji: 価格
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 711 of ~351k · 16,675 occurrences across 5,785 videos
• Related: 価値 (かち, value) · 高価 (こうか, highly priced) · 評価 (ひょうか, valuation) · 物価 (ぶっか, prices of commodities)
• Corpus example: 価格は需要を反映する。 — The price reflects the demand. (Tatoeba 187283)
• Source: JMdict 1189500 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

係 — かかり

noun · common word

• Meanings: charge; duty; person in charge; official; clerk
• Also: connection
• Furigana: 係(かかり)
• Kanji: 係 (N3); rare/historical: 係り
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 6,764 of ~351k · 1,115 occurrences across 679 videos — frequency is for the written form; TUBELEX aggregates its readings
• Source: JMdict 1589840 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

罹る — かかる

godan verb (る); intransitive · usually kana · common word

• Meanings: to contract (a disease); to suffer from
• Furigana: 罹(かか)る
• Kanji: 罹る
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): moderately frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 24,878 of ~351k · 135 occurrences across 89 videos
• Corpus example: 私はかつて大病にかかったことがあった。 — Once I had a very bad disease. (Tatoeba 161194)
• Source: JMdict 1609500 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

化学 — かがく

noun · common word

• Meanings: chemistry
• Furigana: 化(か)学(がく)
• Kanji: 化学; rare/historical: 化學
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 4,217 of ~351k · 2,204 occurrences across 1,197 videos — frequency is for the written form; TUBELEX aggregates its readings
• Related: 化粧 (けしょう, make-up) · 酸化 (さんか, oxidation) · 変化 (へんか, change)
• Corpus example: 貴方は、化学を勉強しますか。 — Do you study chemistry? (Tatoeba 183002)
• Source: JMdict 1186760 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

輝く — かがやく

godan verb (く); intransitive · common word

• Meanings: to shine; to sparkle; to twinkle; to glitter; to glisten
• Also: to light up (with happiness, hope, etc.)
• Furigana: 輝(かがや)く
• Kanji: 輝く; rare/historical: 耀く, 赫く
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 2,510 of ~351k · 4,327 occurrences across 2,822 videos
• Corpus example: 空には太陽が輝いています。 — The sun is shining in the sky. (Tatoeba 179455)
• Source: JMdict 1224020 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

限る — かぎる

godan verb (る); transitive · common word

• Meanings: to restrict; to limit; to confine
• Also: to be restricted to; to be best (for)
• Furigana: 限(かぎ)る
• Kanji: 限る
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 1,617 of ~351k · 7,119 occurrences across 5,632 videos
• Related: 期限 (きげん, term) · 限界 (げんかい, limit) · 制限 (せいげん, restriction)
• Corpus example: 金持ちが必ずしも幸福とは限らない。 — The rich are not always happy. (Tatoeba 179680)
• Source: JMdict 1264640 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

掻く — かく

godan verb (く); transitive · usually kana · common word

• Meanings: to scratch
• Also: to perspire (usually kana); to shovel (usually kana)
• Furigana: 掻(か)く
• Kanji: 掻く; rare/historical: 搔く
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 2,481 of ~351k · 4,402 occurrences across 2,806 videos
• Corpus example: 蚊に刺されたところをかいちゃだめだよ。はれちゃうから。 — Don't scratch your mosquito bite. It'll get inflamed. (Tatoeba 186458)
• Source: JMdict 1399970 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

描く — かく

godan verb (く); transitive · common word

• Meanings: to draw; to paint; to sketch
• Also: to depict; to picture in one's mind; to form a certain shape (e.g. path of an action, appearance of an object, etc.)
• Furigana: 描(か)く
• Kanji: 描く; rare/historical: 画く
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 540 of ~351k · 22,409 occurrences across 6,966 videos — frequency is for the written form; TUBELEX aggregates its readings
• Source: JMdict 1583460 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

核 — かく

noun · common word

• Meanings: core (of an organization, team, etc.); nucleus; heart
• Also: stone (of a fruit); nuclear weapons; nucleus (of an atom)
• Furigana: 核(かく)
• Kanji: 核
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 2,289 of ~351k · 4,849 occurrences across 1,397 videos — frequency is for the written form; TUBELEX aggregates its readings
• Source: JMdict 1205510 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

格 — かく

noun; noun suffix · common word

• Meanings: status; position; rank
• Also: method; rule; case
• Furigana: 格(かく)
• Kanji: 格 (N3)
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 7,060 of ~351k · 1,044 occurrences across 735 videos — frequency is for the written form; TUBELEX aggregates its readings
• Related: 価格 (かかく, price) · 合格 (ごうかく, passing (an exam)) · 資格 (しかく, qualifications) · 性格 (せいかく, character (of a person))
• Source: JMdict 1205270 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

欠く — かく

godan verb (く); transitive · common word

• Meanings: to chip; to nick; to break; to crack
• Also: to lack
• Furigana: 欠(か)く
• Kanji: 欠く; rare/historical: 闕く
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): moderately frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 15,748 of ~351k · 302 occurrences across 252 videos
• Related: 欠ける (かける, to be lacking (in)) · 欠陥 (けっかん, defect) · 欠席 (けっせき, absence) · 欠点 (けってん, fault)
• Corpus example: 彼は人間としての感情を欠いていた。 — He was devoid of human feeling. (Tatoeba 103567)
• Source: JMdict 1253900 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

角 — かく

noun; noun suffix · common word

• Meanings: angle
• Also: square; bishop (abbreviation); third degree
• Furigana: 角(かく)
• Kanji: 角
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 1,561 of ~351k · 7,416 occurrences across 3,861 videos — frequency is for the written form; TUBELEX aggregates its readings
• Related: 四角 (しかく, quadrilateral)
• Corpus example: ３角形のすべての角の和は１８０度に等しい。 — The sum of all the angles in a triangle equals 180 degrees. (Tatoeba 235339)
• Source: JMdict 1206100 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

覚悟 — かくご

noun; suru verb (する); transitive · common word

• Meanings: readiness; preparedness
• Also: resolution; resignation (to one's fate)
• Furigana: 覚(かく)悟(ご)
• Kanji: 覚悟
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 3,264 of ~351k · 3,065 occurrences across 2,132 videos
• Related: 感覚 (かんかく, sense) · 覚ます (さます, to awaken) · 覚める (さめる, to wake) · 視覚 (しかく, sight)
• Source: JMdict 1206080 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

確実 — かくじつ

な-adjective; noun · common word

• Meanings: certain; sure; definite; reliable; sound
• Furigana: 確(かく)実(じつ)
• Kanji: 確実
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 2,063 of ~351k · 5,534 occurrences across 4,203 videos
• Related: 確認 (かくにん, confirmation) · 正確 (せいかく, accurate) · 確かめる (たしかめる, to make sure) · 明確 (めいかく, clear)
• Corpus example: これは遅いけど確実な方法だ。 — This is a slow but certain way. (Tatoeba 218196)
• Notes: The study list's gloss for this entry was a loose paraphrase; the dictionary meanings above are authoritative.
• Source: JMdict 1205830 · mapping: accepted-gloss-disagreement · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

隠す — かくす

godan verb (す); transitive · common word

• Meanings: to hide; to conceal
• Furigana: 隠(かく)す
• Kanji: 隠す; rare/historical: 匿す, 隱す, 隠くす
• Everyday frequency (TUBELEX): very frequent in contemporary everyday-language frequency data (TUBELEX) · rank 1,384 of ~351k · 8,650 occurrences across 5,186 videos
• Related: 隠れる (かくれる, to hide)
• Corpus example: 私は母がケーキを隠すのを見た。 — I saw my mother hide the cake. (Tatoeba 152874)
• Source: JMdict 1170650 · N3 membership: Tanos N3 list (batch 3)

Scope

This batch contains 100 headword entries. Batches 1–22 contain 2,139 entries extracted from the canonical Tanos/community N3 vocabulary dataset. The N3 list builds upon N5 and N4 prerequisites.